Considerable demand for research on evaluation of labor market policy measures: The example of pick up effects with respect to structural adjustment measures for East German enterprises
Hilmar Schneider, Birgit Schultz
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 1,
2001
Abstract
Obwohl beträchtliche Mittel in die aktive Arbeitsmarktpolitik fließen, fehlt es bislang an einer systematischen Evaluierung der arbeitsmarktpolitischen Instrumente. Dies liegt primär an der Unzugänglichkeit geeigneter Daten. Am Beispiel der Mitnahmeeffekte bei Strukturanpassungsmaßnahmen für ostdeutsche Wirtschaftsunternehmen werden exemplarisch die Probleme aufgezeigt, die aus der prekären Datenlage entstehen.
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Capital equipment of East German work stations: Do not overstate gaps
Joachim Ragnitz
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 9,
2000
Abstract
New jobs depend heavily on productive investment. As nearly 800 bio DM were invested in the East German enterprise sector since 1990, most existing jobs can be regarded potentially competitive now. However, capital intensity is still much lower than in West Germany and reaches a level of only 75 per cent. In manufacturing, however, capital intensity is only slightly lower than in the old Laender.
There are mainly two reasons for the low capital intensity in the aggregate: The dominance of small firms producing regularly with a small capital stock per employee, and lower wages in East Germany compared with West Germany: Although capital prices are distorted by high subsidies, factor price relations favour labor to capital. This leads to the conclusion that low capital intensity reflects an optimum; convergence is therefore not necessarily to occur.
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Investment in East German manufacturing sector dominated by large-scale enterprises - An empirical IAB Company Panel analysis -
Bärbel Laschke
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 9,
2000
Abstract
Based on the IAB Company Panel, the significance of the different scales of enterprises for the investment intensity in the East German industry was tested. There is a positive correlation. For example the intensity of investment in large-scale enterprises is double what it is in small-scale enterprises.
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Technologietransfer durch ausländische Direktinvestitionen in Mittelosteuropa am Beispiel Ungarns
Jutta Günther
Wirtschaft und Außenpolitk im Osten Europas, Beiträge zur 8. Brühler Tagung junger Osteuropa-Experten,
2000
Abstract
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Innovative Milieux: Advanced Posts of Interpenetration between the Economic System and the Science System
Peter Franz
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 71,
1998
Abstract
A growing number of governments, political parties, and enterprises set the theme „innovation“ on their agenda and join in the global race to more competitive national economies. In this race the concept of the „innovative milieu“ serves as an important point of orientation and as a political target that, on the first glance, seems to be transferable in concrete political measures. A basic feature of innovative milieux is the quick and easy transfer of knowledge to products in demand. This speed-up in the diffusion of knowledge is not only interesting with respect to the economic advantages but also with respect to science. It is the basic thesis of this paper that innovative milieux represent special cases where the economic system and the science system interpenetrate in an extreme way. Empirical findings show that the actors of innovative milieux have a strong cultural proximity to basic attitudes and behavior within the science system. This relates to the institutionalization of trial and error, the reinforcement of exploratory behavior, the flow of information, and to a special mixture of cooperation and competition. An essential feature of innovative milieux derives from the network relations of its actors. These relations have to be balanced a) to the need to create trust and reduce uncertainty, and b) to the need to stay permeable enough for linkages with new actors from outside. With regard to time innovative milieux have to be conceived from an evolutionary perspective. This involves several steps: Development of prerequisites, consolidation, attraction of labor and enterprises from other regions. From the evolutionary perspective, too, possible factors of preventing or accelerating the „entropic death“ (Camagni 1991) of innovative milieux can be discussed. The exceptional character of innovative milieux has consequences for innovation-oriented political strategies. The self-enforcing dynamics of innovative milieux create a tendency to more economic inequality between regions (core-periphery differences). This is contradictory to political strategies in which innovation-oriented policy is applied to reach an offset between prospering and impoverished regions. In many cases a strategy starting from the assumption of an enduring non-innovative milieu seems to be more realistic and more promising. Further on, the new more direct links between enterprises and research institutes question the current shape of technology transfer institutions. Finally the potential effects of the new trend to encourage the entrepreneurship of research staff on the science system are discussed.
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Results of 1997 and plans of East German industrial and construction enterprises for 1998; IWH Company Surveys
Doris Gladisch, Bärbel Laschke, Brigitte Loose
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 72,
1998
Abstract
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Production of soft location factors: Municipal spending on culture in East and West Germany compared
Peter Franz
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 10,
1997
Abstract
Der Beitrag vergleicht die Ausgaben ausgewählter west- und ostdeutscher Städte im Bereich Kultur und stellt Überlegungen an, wie Kultureinrichtungen kostengünstiger betrieben werden können.
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Current trends – Investment plans of East German industrial enterprises for 1996
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 9,
1996
Abstract
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Current trends – Less external financing of East German manufacturing enterprises
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 6,
1995
Abstract
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GDR Incorporated - the Transformation Process As Seen from the Theory of Enterprises
Ulrich Blum, S. Dreßler
Strategien für nationale und internationale Märkte - Konzeption und praktische Gestaltung,
1994
Abstract
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