14.12.2023 • 30/2023
Exports and private consumption weak ‒ Germany is waiting for an economic upturn
In the winter of 2023/2024, the German economy is still in a downturn. Parts of industry have lost competitiveness, real incomes have fallen in 2023 due to inflation, and there is uncertainty about the course of fiscal policy. However, rising real incomes and a slight increase in exports should cause a pickup from spring onwards. The Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) expects gross domestic product (GDP) to fall by 0.3% in 2023 and to expand by 0.5% in 2024 (East Germany: +0.5% and +0.7%). In September, the IWH forecast had assumed a decline of 0.5% for Germany in 2023 and expected growth of 0.9% for the coming year.
Oliver Holtemöller
Read press release
Joint Economic Forecast
Joint Economic Forecast The joint economic forecast is an instrument for evaluating...
See page
Economic Sentiment: Disentangling Private Information from Public Knowledge
Katja Heinisch, Axel Lindner
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 15,
2021
Abstract
This paper addresses a general problem with the use of surveys as source of information about the state of an economy: Answers to surveys are highly dependent on information that is publicly available, while only additional information that is not already publicly known has the potential to improve a professional forecast. We propose a simple procedure to disentangle the private information of agents from knowledge that is already publicly known for surveys that ask for general as well as for private prospects. Our results reveal the potential of our proposed technique for the usage of European Commissions‘ consumer surveys for economic forecasting for Germany.
Read article
11.03.2021 • 8/2021
New wave of infections suspends economic recovery
The lockdown is being eased only slightly in Germany in March 2021, and gross domestic product (GDP) declines significantly in the first quarter of 2021. As vaccination campaigns progress and restrictions are gradually eased, a normalisation of household consumption patterns will likely boost the economy later during the year. The Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) forecasts that GDP will increase by 3.7% in 2021, following a decline of 4.9% in 2020. In East Germany, both the contraction and the rebound are much less pronounced.
Oliver Holtemöller
Read press release
14.12.2016 • 50/2016
The German Economy: Economic Activity Spurred by Private Consumption and Construction
German economic activity remains robust due to strong domestic demand. IWH forecasts gross domestic product (GDP) to increase by 1.3% in 2017. The growth rate is half a percentage point lower than in 2016 due to calendar effects and a negative contribution of external trade. Consumer price inflation also remains modest (1.3%). “Unemployment is expected to increase slightly due to a protracted integration of refugees into the labor market”, says Oliver Holtemöller, Head of the Department Macroeconomics and IWH vice president
Oliver Holtemöller
Read press release
16.03.2016 • 10/2016
German Economy Stays Stable Despite Shaky Environment
The German economy had a good start into the year 2016, in spite of heightened risks for the world economy and political turmoil in Europe. Employment and incomes are expanding, as is internal de-mand, additionally supported by government spending related to the high number of newly arrived refugees. However, sliding sentiment indicates a temporary slow down of the economy during this spring. We assume that the present political tensions inside the European Union can be mitigated in the coming months and that confidence will rise again. All in all, gross domestic product (GDP) is forecast to rise by 1.5% in 2016.
Oliver Holtemöller
Read press release
16.12.2015 • 45/2015
German Economy: Strong domestic demand compensates for weak exports
The upturn of the German economy is expected to gain further momentum as a consequence of strong domestic demand. Real gross domestic product is expected to increase by 1.6% in 2016. Consumer prices are expected to rise by 0.9%. Unemployment is expected to rise slightly because it will take time to integrate refugees into the labour market.
Oliver Holtemöller
Read press release
German Economy Drawn into the World Recession
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
1. Sonderausgabe
2009
Abstract
In spring 2009, the world economy is in a deep recession. The intensification of the financial crisis in autumn has caused a sharp contraction of demand. The reaction of monetary and fiscal policy was substantial, but up to now (April 2009), it has not succeeded in restoring confidence of economic agents. Although some leading indicators point to a stabilization of production in the coming quarters, the downturn will not come to an end before next winter, because the financial crisis will continue to put strain on the real economy for some time to come.
The German economy is in its deepest recession since the foundation of the Federal Republic. Germany is particularly affected, because at the core of the economy is the production of those goods for that world demand has collapsed most: capital goods and high-quality consumer durables. While exports and private investment activity will continue to shrink this year (albeit at a slower rate), private consumption will be a stabilizing factor for some time, as will public investment activity in the second half of the year. Later in 2009 and in 2010, rising unemployment will depress consumption, while in this forecast, it is assumed that exports and investment slowly recover in 2010, because the financial turmoil will calm down.
For economic policy, a recapitalization of the banking sector should have priority. The ECB should lower its key interest rate to 0.5%. Given the sharply increasing fiscal deficits, a new, third fiscal program would be counterproductive. Only if monetary policy fails to stabilize the economy, further fiscal measures, coordinated at a European level, should be considered.
Read article
Wie die Wirtschaftsberichterstattung der Medien das Konsumentenvertrauen lenkt
Sophie Wörsdorfer
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 11,
2005
Abstract
In der Konjunkturbeobachtung haben Stimmungsindikatoren, wie das Geschäftsklima oder das Konsumentenvertrauen, große öffentliche Bedeutung erlangt. An deren Analyse knüpfen sich die Erwartungen, Anhaltspunkte für das zukünftige Verhalten der Wirtschaftsakteure zu gewinnen. Allerdings besteht weitgehend Unklarheit darüber, wie die Konsumenten bzw. Unternehmer zu ihren Einschätzungen gelangen. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht exemplarisch die Rolle der Wirtschaftsberichterstattung der Medien für die Erwartungsbildung der Konsumenten. Dazu werden mehrere sogenannte „Medienindikatoren“ spezifiziert, welche die positive oder negative Tendenz der wirtschaftsbezogenen Berichterstattung abbilden. Die Grundlage bildet der Datensatz des Instituts „Medien Tenor“ zur Darstellung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Lage und des Wirtschaftsstandorts Deutschland in ausgewählten Nachrichtensendungen des deutschen Fernsehens. Die Stimmung der Konsumenten wird anhand des „Consumer Confidence Indicator“ operationalisiert. Die statistischen Tests lassen für den zugrunde liegenden Zeitraum 1995-2005 auf einen teilweise recht engen Zusammenhang zwischen den Schwankungen des von den Medien verbreiteten Tenors und denen der Konsumentenstimmung schließen. Insbesondere negative Meldungen entfalten eine starke Wirkung. Die Ergebnisse der ex post-Prognosen hingegen überzeugen nicht und veranschaulichen, daß zu einer verläßlichen Vorhersage der Entwicklung der Konsumentenstimmung über die Fernsehnachrichten hinaus noch weitere Faktoren heranzuziehen sind.
Read article