Begleitende Evaluierung des Investitionsgesetzes Kohleregionen (InvKG) und des STARK-Bundesprogramms. Endbericht zur Auftragserweiterung
Matthias Brachert, Katja Heinisch, Oliver Holtemöller, Florian Kirsch, Uwe Neumann, Michael Rothgang, Torsten Schmidt, Christoph Schult, Anna Solms, Mirko Titze
IWH Studies,
No. 5,
2023
Abstract
Gutachten im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz
Das vorliegende Kurzgutachten befasst sich mit der Analyse des aktuellen Standes der Maßnahmen des StStG. Ausgangspunkt für die Analysen stellt eine Auswertung der aktuellen Literatur zum Strukturwandel in den deutschen Kohlerevieren dar. Dieser Literaturüberblick zeigt, dass die Förderregionen im Geltungsbereich des StStG sehr unterschiedliche Voraussetzungen für eine erfolgreiche Bewältigung des Strukturwandels aufweisen. Dennoch sollten die Maßnahmen in allen Regionen an den wichtigen Determinanten des Wirtschaftswachstums ansetzen, wobei sie auf die Gegebenheiten der Regionen abgestimmt sein sollten. Dabei sind vor allem Investitionen als zentraler Bestimmungsfaktor für die langfristige wirtschaftliche Leistungsfähigkeit anzusehen. Diese setzen sich aus privaten Investitionen in Sachkapital, Ausgaben für Forschung und Entwicklung mit dem Ziel des technologischen Fortschritts, Ausgaben für Bildung zur Erhöhung des Humankapitals sowie Investitionen in den öffentlichen Kapitalstock, etwa die Verkehrsinfrastruktur, zusammen. Dabei werden langfristig Bildung und Forschung und Entwicklung als wichtigste Wachstumstreiber angesehen, an denen die Förderung des Strukturwandels entsprechend ansetzen sollte. Auch sollte das Augenmerk auf die Diffusion und den Transfer von Wissen und Technologien gerichtet sein. Kritische Anmerkungen weisen in die Richtung, dass vor allem Infrastrukturprojekte Unterstützung durch StStG-Mittel erhalten, die ohnehin durchgeführt worden wären und dass die Kommunen die StStG-Mittel als Erweiterung ihrer Haushaltsspielräume betrachten.
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AIECE General Report, Part 2, Spring 2023
Andrej Drygalla, Axel Lindner, Birgit Schultz
IWH Studies,
No. 4,
2023
Abstract
The Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) is a member of AIECE (Association d'Instituts Europeens de Conjoncture Economique/Association of European Conjuncture Institutes), an association of independent European institutes involved in surveying economic conditions and developments, and in short-term macroeconomic forecasting. The main objective of the Association is to stimulate the exchanges between its members with a view to improve their insight into international economic developments. This ranges from the exchange of statistical or institutional information to discussions on economic policy Guidelines to common research activities. The AIECE organises between its members an exchange of view, of information and of literature on international economic developments, in particular in Europe. The Association provides the framework for joint activities of its members in areas of common interest. Its structure allows its members to develop common views on the future cyclical development. In order to meet these objectives the Association has half-yearly plenary meetings, centred around a general report on the European conjuncture prepared in turn by one of the members in cooperation with the other member institutes, but also with discussions of the working group reports and of special surveys prepared by member institutes. In Spring 2023, the report was written by the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH).
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AIECE General Report, Part 1, Spring 2023
Andrej Drygalla, Axel Lindner, Birgit Schultz
IWH Studies,
No. 3,
2023
Abstract
The Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) is a member of AIECE (Association d'Instituts Europeens de Conjoncture Economique/Association of European Conjuncture Institutes), an association of independent European institutes involved in surveying economic conditions and developments, and in short-term macroeconomic forecasting. The main objective of the Association is to stimulate the exchanges between its members with a view to improve their insight into international economic developments. This ranges from the exchange of statistical or institutional information to discussions on economic policy Guidelines to common research activities. The AIECE organises between its members an exchange of view, of information and of literature on international economic developments, in particular in Europe. The Association provides the framework for joint activities of its members in areas of common interest. Its structure allows its members to develop common views on the future cyclical development. In order to meet these objectives the Association has half-yearly plenary meetings, centred around a general report on the European conjuncture prepared in turn by one of the members in cooperation with the other member institutes, but also with discussions of the working group reports and of special surveys prepared by member institutes. In Spring 2023, the report was written by the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH).
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European Firm Concentration and Aggregate Productivity
Tommaso Bighelli, Filippo di Mauro, Marc Melitz, Matthias Mertens
Journal of the European Economic Association,
No. 2,
2023
Abstract
This paper derives a European Herfindahl–Hirschman concentration index from 15 micro-aggregated country datasets. In the last decade, European concentration rose due to a reallocation of economic activity toward large and concentrated industries. Over the same period, productivity gains from an increasing allocative efficiency of the European market accounted for 50% of European productivity growth while markups stayed constant. Using country-industry variation, we show that changes in concentration are positively associated with changes in productivity and allocative efficiency. This holds across most sectors and countries and supports the notion that rising concentration in Europe reflects a more efficient market environment rather than weak competition and rising market power.
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