12.01.2017 • 6/2017
Aufmacher hui – Qualität pfui Fehlerhafte Darstellung der Qualität der IWH-Prognosen im Handelsblatt
In der Ausgabe vom 09.01.2017 schreibt das Handelsblatt (Norbert Häring: „Neues Jahr, neues Glück“), dass die Konjunkturprognosen der Wirtschaftsforschungsinstitute kaum besser seien als eine bloße Fortschreibung der Vorjahreswerte (naive Prognose). Beispielhaft wird eine Graphik („Wachstum hui, Inflation pfui“) zur Prognose der Inflationsrate gezeigt, in der das Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH) besonders schlecht abschneidet. Oliver Holtemöller, Vizepräsident des IWH und verantwortlich für die IWH-Konjunkturprognosen, stellt hierzu klar: „Die Darstellung des Handelsblatts zur Güte der IWH-Inflationsprognose ist falsch. Der Fehler ist auf handwerkliche Mängel in der wissenschaftlichen Studie zurückzuführen, auf die sich das Handelsblatt beruft.“ Tatsächlich können die Institute die Inflation (und andere wichtige Indikatoren) genauer vorhersagen als eine naive Prognose.
Oliver Holtemöller
Pressemitteilung lesen
14.12.2016 • 50/2016
Konjunktur aktuell: Deutsche Wirtschaft weiter von Konsum und Bau beflügelt
Die deutsche Konjunktur bleibt aufgrund der starken Binnennachfrage recht kräftig. Im Jahr 2017 wird die Zuwachsrate des Bruttoinlandsprodukts nach der neuen IWH-Prognose 1,3% betragen. Sie fällt damit etwa einen halben Prozentpunkt geringer aus als im Jahr 2016. „Dies liegt an einer geringeren Anzahl an Arbeitstagen und an einem negativen Wachstumsbeitrag des Außenhandels“, so Oliver Holtemöller, Leiter der Abteilung Makroökonomik und Vizepräsident des IWH. Die Verbraucherpreisinflation bleibt mit 1,3% mäßig. Die Arbeitslosigkeit nimmt wohl etwas zu – dazu trägt bei, dass die Integration Geflüchteter in den Arbeitsmarkt langwierig ist.
Oliver Holtemöller
Pressemitteilung lesen
Bracket Creeps: Bane or Boon for the Stability of Numerical Budget Rules?
Martin Altemeyer-Bartscher, Götz Zeddies
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 29,
2016
Abstract
As taxpayers typically pay low attention to a small inflation-induced bracket creep of the income tax, policy-makers tend to postpone its correction into the future. However, the fiscal illusion fades away and political pressure for a tax relief arises since after some years the cumulative increase of the average tax rate exceeds a critical threshold. Using Germany as an example, this paper shows that bracket creeps can provoke revenue cycles in public budgets hindering governments’ compliance with the numerical budget rules. An indexation of the tax tariff could prevent such fluctuations and thus provides a favourable framework for the debt rule.
Artikel Lesen
Global Food Prices and Monetary Policy in an Emerging Market Economy: The Case of India
Oliver Holtemöller, Sushanta Mallick
Journal of Asian Economics,
2016
Abstract
This paper investigates a perception in the political debates as to what extent poor countries are affected by price movements in the global commodity markets. To test this perception, we use the case of India to establish in a standard SVAR model that global food prices influence aggregate prices and food prices in India. To further analyze these empirical results, we specify a small open economy New-Keynesian model including oil and food prices and estimate it using observed data over the period 1996Q2 to 2013Q2 by applying Bayesian estimation techniques. The results suggest that a big part of the variation in inflation in India is due to cost-push shocks and, mainly during the years 2008 and 2010, also to global food price shocks, after having controlled for exogenous rainfall shocks. We conclude that the inflationary supply shocks (cost-push, oil price, domestic food price and global food price shocks) are important contributors to inflation in India. Since the monetary authority responds to these supply shocks with a higher interest rate which tends to slow growth, this raises concerns about how such output losses can be prevented by reducing exposure to commodity price shocks.
Artikel Lesen
The Macroeconomic Risks of Undesirably Low Inflation
Jonas Arias, Christopher J. Erceg, Mathias Trabandt
European Economic Review,
2016
Abstract
This paper investigates the macroeconomic risks associated with undesirably low inflation using a medium-sized New Keynesian model. We consider different causes of persistently low inflation, including a downward shift in long-run inflation expectations, a fall in nominal wage growth, and a favorable supply-side shock. We show that the macroeconomic effects of persistently low inflation depend crucially on its underlying cause, as well as on the extent to which monetary policy is constrained by the zero lower bound. Finally, we discuss policy options to mitigate these effects.
Artikel Lesen
Monetary-fiscal Policy Interaction and Fiscal Inflation: A Tale of Three Countries
Martin Kliem, Alexander Kriwoluzky, Samad Sarferaz
European Economic Review,
2016
Abstract
We study the impact of the interaction between fiscal and monetary policy on the low-frequency relationship between the fiscal stance and inflation using cross-country data from 1965 to 1999. In a first step, we contrast the monetary–fiscal narrative for Germany, the U.S., and Italy with evidence obtained from simple regression models and a time-varying VAR. We find that the low-frequency relationship between the fiscal stance and inflation is low during periods of an independent central bank and responsible fiscal policy and more pronounced in times of non-responsible fiscal policy and accommodative monetary authorities. In a second step, we use an estimated DSGE model to interpret the low-frequency measure structurally and to illustrate the mechanisms through which fiscal actions affect inflation in the long run. The findings from the DSGE model suggest that switches in the monetary–fiscal policy interaction and accompanying variations in the propagation of structural shocks can well account for changes in the low-frequency relationship between the fiscal stance and inflation.
Artikel Lesen
Kommentar: Die EZB tut, was sie kann – nun ist die Politik gefordert
Reint E. Gropp
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
Nr. 2,
2016
Abstract
Der Euroraum verharrt in einer tiefen, vierfachen Krise. Die erste ist eine Wachstumskrise. Im Euroraum liegt die wirtschaftliche Leistung immer noch unterhalb des Niveaus von vor der Finanzkrise 2008. Zudem leidet der Euroraum weiterhin unter hoher Arbeitslosigkeit und zu niedriger Inflation. Der Euroraum leidet außerdem unter einem zu geringen Produktivitätswachstum, vor allem bei den Dienstleistungen. Es fehlt hier an Innovationsdynamik und Investitionen.
Artikel Lesen
On the Low-frequency Relationship Between Public Deficits and Inflation
Martin Kliem, Alexander Kriwoluzky, Samad Sarferaz
Journal of Applied Econometrics,
Nr. 3,
2016
Abstract
We estimate the low-frequency relationship between fiscal deficits and inflation and pay special attention to its potential time variation by estimating a time-varying vector autoregression model for US data from 1900 to 2011. We find the strongest relationship neither in times of crisis nor in times of high public deficits, but from the mid 1960s up to 1980. Employing a structural decomposition of the low-frequency relationship and further narrative evidence, we interpret our results such that the low-frequency relationship between fiscal deficits and inflation is strongly related to the conduct of monetary policy and its interaction with fiscal policy after World War II.
Artikel Lesen
