05.04.2023 • 9/2023
Ostdeutsche Wirtschaft bisher gut durch Energiekrise gekommen – Implikationen der Gemeinschaftsdiagnose Frühjahr 2023 und amtlicher Länderdaten für die ostdeutsche Wirtschaft
Im Jahr 2022 hat die ostdeutsche Wirtschaft mit 3,0% deutlich stärker expandiert als die Wirtschaft in Westdeutschland (1,5%). Hintergrund ist eine robustere Entwicklung der Arbeitnehmer- und Rentnereinkommen. Auch für das Jahr 2023 prognostiziert das Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH) deshalb mit 1% eine höhere Zuwachsrate des Bruttoinlandsprodukts in Ostdeutschland als in Deutschland insgesamt (0,3%). Die Arbeitslosenquote dürfte mit 6,8% im Jahr 2023 und 6,7% im Jahr darauf in etwa stagnieren.
Oliver Holtemöller
Pressemitteilung lesen
European Real Estate Markets During the Pandemic: Is COVID-19 also a Case for House Price Concerns?
Michael Koetter, Felix Noth
IWH Policy Notes,
Nr. 3,
2022
Abstract
We use a new database on European real estate purchase and rental prices – the IWH European Real Estate Index – to document the relationship between staggered COVID-19 dynamics and real estate prices in 14 EU countries between January 2020 and December 2021. For most countries, we find no statistically significant response of monthly purchase and rental prices due to an increase of regional COVID-19 cases. For the UK we find that more COVID-19 cases depressed both purchase and rental prices significantly, but the economic magnitude of effects was mild during this sample period. In contrast, rents in Italy increased in response to hiking COVID-19 cases, illustrating the importance to consider heterogeneous crisis patterns across the EU when designing policies. Overall, COVID-19 dynamics did not affect real estate values significantly during the pandemic, thereby mitigating potential financial stability concerns via a mortgage lending channel at the time.
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European Real Estate Prices
Michael Koetter, Felix Noth
IWH Technical Reports,
Nr. 3,
2022
Abstract
Real estate markets are pivotal to financial stability given their dual role as the underlying asset of crucial financial products in financial systems, such as mortgage loans and asset-backed securities, and the primary source of household wealth alike. As such, they also play traditionally a crucial role for the transmission of monetary policy. Imbalances and sudden corrections in real estate markets have been the root cause of many financial crises over the last decades. But whereas some national, often survey-based indicators of real estate prices are provided by central banks and statistical offices, a comprehensive collection of purchase prices, rents, and proxies for the liquidity of European real estate markets is lacking. The IWH European Real Estate Index (EREI) seeks to fill this void for residential property. This technical report describes the gathering and processing of sale and rental prices for properties in 18 European countries. We provide the general scrapeing step in the section before describing country-specific details for each country in separated sub-sections.
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29.09.2022 • 24/2022
Die ostdeutsche Wirtschaft hat im ersten Halbjahr 2022 kräftig expandiert, gerät im zweiten Halbjahr aber in die Rezession ‒ Implikationen der Gemeinschaftsdiagnose Herbst 2022 und jüngerer Veröffentlichungen des Arbeitskreises Volkswirtschaftliche
Die Energiekrise stürzt die deutsche Wirtschaft in eine Rezession. Das betrifft auch die Konjunktur in Ostdeutschland. In diesem Jahr wird die ostdeutsche Produktion laut Prognose des Leibniz-Instituts für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH) mit 1,5% etwas stärker expandieren als in Deutschland insgesamt. Für das kommende Jahr dürfte der Rückgang in Ostdeutschland mit 0,1% weniger deutlich ausfallen als im Westen (Deutschland: ‒0,4%). Für das Jahr 2024 wird ein Zuwachs von 1,7% prognostiziert (Deutschland: 1,9%).
Oliver Holtemöller
Pressemitteilung lesen
Identifying Rent-sharing Using Firms‘ Energy Input Mix
Matthias Mertens, Steffen Müller, Georg Neuschäffer
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 19,
2022
Abstract
We present causal evidence on the rent-sharing elasticity of German manufacturing firms. We develop a new firm-level Bartik instrument for firm rents that combines the firms‘ predetermined energy input mix with national energy carrier price changes. Reduced-form evidence shows that higher energy prices depress wages. Instrumental variable estimation yields a rent-sharing elasticity of approximately 0.20. Rent-sharing induced by energy price variation is asymmetric and driven by energy price increases, implying that workers do not benefit from energy price reductions but are harmed by price increases. The rent-sharing elasticity is substantially larger in small (0.26) than in large (0.17) firms.
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The Value of Firm Networks: A Natural Experiment on Board Connections
Ester Faia, Maximilian Mayer, Vincenzo Pezone
SAFE Working Papers,
Nr. 269,
2022
Abstract
We present causal evidence on the effect of boardroom networks on firm value and compensation policies. We exploit a ban on interlocking directorates of Italian financial and insurance companies as exogenous variation and show that firms that lose centrality in the network experience negative abnormal returns around the announcement date. The key driver of our results is the role of boardroom connections in reducing asymmetric information. The complementarities with the input-output and cross-ownership networks are consistent with this channel. Using hand-collected data, we also show that network centrality has a positive effect on directors’ compensation, providing evidence of rent sharing.
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