New industries in Eastern Germany - The state of the development of modern biotechnologies in Saxony-Anhalt
Walter Komar
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 16,
2002
Abstract
East German regions are able to increase their economics and innovation potential, if they orient themselves on technologies, which release important growth effects. Such growth branch is the modern biotechnology. In this paper the development and the location factors of the biotechnology industry in Saxonia-Anhalt are analyzed and compared with the bio region Munich, which rank to among the best bio regions in Germany. The analysis shows that the development of the modern biotechnology in East German regions can be favoured, if the location factors are improved.
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The flood disaster and GDP in Germany
Udo Ludwig, Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 12,
2002
Abstract
The flood at Elbe, Danube and their tributary streams destroyed billion Euros worth of Capital Stock. GDP, though, does not include Capital Stock, but production. On the basis of plausible assumptions the production interruptions caused by the flood are estimated for Germany and the most severely affected areas of Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt. Considering the “set-aside” funds for restoration and with the help of the Input-Output-Model the direct effects on production and employment within the different economic sectors are being calculated. The results are compared with the foregone consumption due to the delayed next step of the tax reform. On balance clear effects can be observed in construction.
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Housing vacancies in East Germany: There is more than one way to look at it
Peter Franz
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 11,
2001
Abstract
New up-to-date data about housing vacancies in East German cities allow a more differentiated interpretation of the disparities in the East German housing market. The data show that the cities in Saxony and in Saxony-Anhalt
are disproportionally affected by this problem. They also show that the modernizing and renovating activities of the housing associations and cooperatives themselves contribute to the rising vacancy rate.
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Economic Development in Saxony-Anhalt: empirical results and policy recommendations
Franz Barjak, Peter Franz, Gerhard Heimpold, Martin T. W. Rosenfeld
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 3,
2001
Abstract
Though the basic economic problems are still of the same kind all over East Germany, partially considerable regional differences exist in respect to the conditions for further economic development. Therefore, detailed empirical analyses for the individual Länder and their sub-regions are necessary making economic policy recommendations. The following contribution deals with this task taking Saxony-Anhalt as an example.
A multitude of indicators is used to bring out the specific strengths and weaknesses of the economy of this state (Land) and its sub-regions. The outstanding strength of Saxony-Anhalt are the high private investment outlays which served to build a modern capital stock during the past ten years. Another fundamental strength of the Land are the universities and public research institutions. Besides these unambiguous strengths some ‘ambivalent’ growth factors exist which are characterized by strengths as well as by weaknesses. Such ‘ambivalent’ growth factors are the infrastructure and the situation of important sectors and branches of economic activity. The weaknesses of Saxony-Anhalt’s economic structure find expression especially in its low supply with human capital and entrepreneurial initiative as well as in the few research and development efforts of its firms.
The aforementioned strengths of the Land are reflected insufficiently in its economic output. Consequently some economic policy measures are proposed to bring about an improvement: Amongst other things Saxony-Anhalt should develop a clear idea of its economic development (Leitbild). Such a Leitbild could be related to the Land’s strengths or to the elimination of its major weaknesses. This also would facilitate a concentrated use of the different economic policy instruments. The latter shouldn’t only be concentrated on singular economic growth factors but also spatially, on the economically stronger sub-regions, as this can lead to larger growth effects for the entire Land. The good provision with public research institutions in Saxony-Anhalt should be used to bring about an improvement of the economic structure to a larger extent than until now. This could be done for example by means of a further strengthening of applied research vs. basic research, possibly via orienting the public research more towards the existing branches of economic activity. Finally, the Land should intensify its efforts to increase the entrepreneurial initiative in Saxony-Anhalt, e. g. by means of introducing courses in economics in its schools.
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Regional analysis of East Germany: A comparison of the economic situation of states, districts, and municipalities
Franz Barjak, Peter Franz, Gerhard Heimpold, Martin T. W. Rosenfeld
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 2,
2000
Abstract
A decade after the German unification we look at the extent of economic differentiation within East Germany. This is achieved by help of a set of selected statistical indicators for the years 1991 to 1998. Comparisons are drawn a) between the East German jurisdictions and b) between West and East German jurisdictions. On the federal state (Laender) level it can be shown that each state has developped its own specific economic profile. Brandenburg is characterized by a positive net migration (suburban function for Berlin), relatively low unemployment and high GDP values, but relatively low entrepreneurial activities. Saxony has achieved the lowest unemployment, a good endowment with human capital, modern industrial technology, infrastructure, and entrepreneurial activities. Special features of Thuringia consist of a relatively large number of patent applications and a stable industrial base. The economic state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is characterized by low industrial investment, negative net migration, and high unemployment. A special feature of this federal state is the intense investmenr in tourist services. Saxony-Anhalt registers the highest decrease in the numbers of industrial workers between 1991 and 1998 and the highest unemployment. On the other side it shows the highest amount of investment, especially in chemical industry and in mineral oil processing.
On the county level four clusters can be identified by means of a cluster analysis: A “cluster of counties with severe economic weaknesses” with a bias in the regions indutrialized in an early stage, a “cluster with a high human capital potential and suburbanization loss” consisting of 21 cities, a “cluster of counties with good economic results” predominantly surrounding the larger cities, and a “cluster of counties with SME growth potential” concentrating in Thuringia and Saxony.
The results at the city level show that the larger cities above 100.000 inhabitants, especially Dresden and Leipzig, do better than the smaller cities. Jena in Thuringia has specialized as a location for R&D, Zwickau in Saxony as a location for the automobile industry. Altogether the economic differences between the East German federal states, counties, and cities still are less pronounced than the degree of differentiation of their West German counterparts.
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Structural analysis Saxony-Anhalt – Expert report for the Economics, Technology and European Affairs Ministry of Saxony-Anhalt
IWH-Sonderhefte,
No. 2,
1997
Abstract
Seit sechs Jahren befindet sich die sachsen-anhaltinische Wirtschaft in einem umfassenden Wandlungsprozeß. Der Transformationsschock im Übergang von der Plan- zur Marktwirtschaft ist mittlerweile überwunden. Der Wendepunkt von der Abwärts- in die Aufwärtsentwicklung kann als überschritten gelten. Gleichwohl kommt die Integration in die arbeitsteilige Weltwirtschaft nur in kleinen Schritten voran. Der anhaltend große Problemdruck wird durch die geringe Wirtschaftskraft, das noch unter dem früheren Niveau liegende Produktionsvolumen im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe und die hohe Arbeitslosigkeit belegt. In den für diesen Prozeß zentralen, exportorientierten Branchen, z.B. dem Maschinenbau, hat sich noch keine Trendwende zum Positiven vollzogen. Hingegen lassen Wirtschaftszweige mit einem eher regional begrenzten Absatzradius viele erfolgversprechende Ansätze erkennen - ungeachtet der konjunkturellen Belastungssituation.
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Saxony-Anhalt catches up – The economic feasibility of the development path of Saxony-Anhalt
Kimberly Crow, Martin Junkernheinrich, Robert Skopp
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
S
1997
Abstract
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Wage adjustments, employment and productivity in the metal and electrical engineering industries of Saxony-Anhalt
Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch, Udo Ludwig, Hilmar Schneider
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 2,
1996
Abstract
Im Beitrag werden die Entwicklung von Produktion, Beschäftigung, Tarif- und Effektivlöh-nen in der Metall- und Elektroindustrie Sachsen-Anhalts untersucht. Die westdeutsche Branche wird dabei als Vergleichsmaßstab herangezogen. Die Personalkosten in der Metall- und Elektroindustrie Sachsen-Anhalts überstiegen im ersten Halbjahr 1995 noch immer erheblich die Bruttowertschöpfung. An dieser Entwicklung war das in der Metall- und Elektroindustrie tariflich vereinbarte rapide Lohnangleichungstempo maßgeblich beteiligt.
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