14.10.2026 • 31/2026
EREI-Update: Rents remain high in Spanish cities
Pressure in the Spanish rental market made Prime Minister Sánchez call for early elections on October 5, to be held in late November 2026, possibly indicating that rental market pressure can turn into political pressure. The latest European Real Estate Index (EREI) by the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) confirms indeed that the average rent in Spanish metropolitan areas was 23% higher compared to rural areas in Spain. This city rental premium in Spain was thus significantly above the EU average of 17%.
Michael Koetter
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10.09.2026 • 27/2026
EREI-Update: Rents in Europe’s cities are 23% higher on average than in rural areas
The European Commission currently prepares the Affordable Housing Act to tackle widespread concerns about tight housing markets, for example voiced by the German Tenants' Federation (DMB) which blames rising rental cost as one main driver of a social crisis in Germany. The latest European Real Estate Index (EREI) by the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) shows that rental prices in Germany rose indeed three times compared to the European average in August. Moreover, the rental premium in metropolitan areas vis-à-vis the average in non-metropolitan areas in eleven EU member states amounts to 23%.
Michael Koetter
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Kulturelle Vielfalt und Immobilienpreise
Rachel Cho, Hisham Farag, Christoph Görtz, Danny McGowan, Huyen Nguyen, Max Schröder
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 1,
2026
Abstract
Bezahlen Immobilienkäufer einen Aufpreis, um in einem kulturell vielfältigen Viertel zu leben? Eine neue Studie mit Daten aus Nordirland legt dies nahe. Um den Zusammenhang zwischen kultureller Vielfalt und Immobilienpreisen zu untersuchen, stützen sich die Forscher auf Daten aus der Zeit der britischen Kolonialisierung Irlands zu Beginn des 17. Jahrhunderts. Damals entstanden Nachbarschaften mit unterschiedlicher religiöser Zusammensetzung. Diese religiöse Zusammensetzung besteht bis heute. Diese Wohnviertel unterscheiden sich also kulturell, nicht jedoch hinsichtlich ihrer ethnischen und sozioökonomischen Merkmale. Die Ergebnisse zeigen: Im Durchschnitt erzielen Immobilien in kulturell vielfältigen Vierteln einen um fast 10% höheren Verkaufspreis als solche in religiös-kulturell homogenen Gebieten. Darin spiegelt sich eine höhere Nachfrage: Vielfältige Viertel sind für ein breiteres Spektrum potenzieller Käufer attraktiv. Dadurch steigt auch die Liquidität der Immobilien. Die Ergebnisse stehen in Kontrast zu früheren Studien, die einen negativen Zusammenhang zwischen Vielfalt und Immobilienpreisen belegten.
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The Exchange Rate Between Monetary and Fiscal Policy: What Is an Interest Rate Cut Worth?
Ulf Nielsson, Jesper Rangvid, Farzad Saidi, Fabian Seyrich, Daniel Streitz
CEPR Discussion Papers,
forthcoming
Abstract
When monetary policy is constrained, how large a scal transfer substitutes for a given interest rate cut? Using full-population Danish administrative data, we estimate household consumption responses to adjustable-rate mortgage resets and to unanticipated cash inheritances. A 1 percentage point rate cut maps to uniform transfers of approximately $1,000 per person over 5 years, totaling 1.3% of GDP. These macro-equivalent policies operate through distinct balance-sheet channels with dierent distributional incidence: rate cuts disproportionately stimulate high-income mortgage holders, while transfers are progressive. Marginal propensities to consume vary only modestly across income and liquid-wealth distributions, limiting eciency gains from targeting.
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The Price of Beauty: Biodiversity Effects on Residential Housing Markets
Michael Koetter, Birte Winter, Fabian Woebbeking
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 21,
2025
Abstract
We study how and why local biodiversity affects residential property values. Leveraging remotely sensed greenness indicators and a novel dataset of granular property listings, we examine how changes in vegetation load on real estate prices. Hikes in greenness are associated with higher listing prices, fewer properties listed, and reduced liquidity in housing markets. These results suggest that price hikes in housing markets are driven by supply-side constraints instead of a “greenium” that buyers might be willing to pay due to innate preferences. Exogenous zoning shocks to foster biodiversity corroborate the presence of supply side constraints as price drivers in residential housing markets. Our findings emphasize the need to calibrate biodiversity and (social) housing policy objectives more explicitly.
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