Im Fokus: Industrielle Kerne in Ostdeutschland und wie es dort heute aussieht – Das Beispiel des Metallurgiestandorts Eisenhüttenstadt
Gerhard Heimpold
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 3,
2016
Abstract
Der Metallurgiestandort Eisenhüttenstadt gehörte zu den industriellen Kernen, um deren Erhalt nach Herstellung der Einheit Deutschlands gerungen wurde. Der Beitrag untersucht, wie der Kern nach mehr als 25 Jahren Deutscher Einheit dasteht und welche Entwicklung sich vollzogen hat. Das Eisenhüttenstädter Unternehmen bildet weiterhin den prägenden industriellen Kern für die Region, bei starkem Beschäftigungsrückgang. Nach der Übernahme durch den privaten Investor Ende 1994 wurde die bis dahin existierende produktivitätsmindernde Lücke in der Wertschöpfungskette durch Errichtung eines Warmwalzwerks geschlossen. Auch ein neuer Hochofen wurde errichtet. Das Eisenhüttenstädter Werk gehört heute zu ArcelorMittal, dem weltweit größten Stahlkonzern, und ist einer von vier Stahlproduktionsstandorten des Konzerns in Deutschland. Geforscht wird an anderen Standorten außerhalb Deutschlands. Hergestellt werden qualitativ hochwertige Flachstähle für die zentral- und osteuropäischen Märkte. Die Produktion ist hochmodern und wettbewerbsfähig, sieht sich aber insbesondere durch Importwettbewerb und Pläne der EU-Kommission für den Emissionsrechtehandel herausgefordert. Weiterer Strukturwandel und wirtschaftliche Diversifizierung sind in Eisenhüttenstadt vonnöten.
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Does Administrative Status Matter for Urban Growth? Evidence from Present and Former County Capitals in East Germany
Bastian Heider, Albrecht Kauffmann, Martin T. W. Rosenfeld
Abstract
Public sector activities are often neglected in the economic approaches used to analyze the driving forces behind urban growth. The institutional status of a regional capital is a crucial aspect of public sector activities. This paper reports on a quasi-natural experiment on county towns in East Germany. Since 1990, cities in East Germany have demonstrated remarkable differences in population development. During this same period, many towns have lost their status as a county seat due to several administrative reforms. Using a difference-in-difference approach, the annual population development of former county capitals is compared to population change in towns that have successfully held on to their capital status throughout the observed period. The estimations show that maintaining county capital status has a statistically significant positive effect on annual changes in population. This effect is furthermore increasing over time after the implementation of the respective reforms.
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Buy, Keep, or Sell: Economic Growth and the Market for Ideas
Ufuk Akcigit, Murat Alp Celik, Jeremy Greenwood
Econometrica,
No. 3,
2016
Abstract
An endogenous growth model is developed where each period firms invest in researching and developing new ideas. An idea increases a firm's productivity. By how much depends on the technological propinquity between an idea and the firm's line of business. Ideas can be bought and sold on a market for patents. A firm can sell an idea that is not relevant to its business or buy one if it fails to innovate. The developed model is matched up with stylized facts about the market for patents in the United States. The analysis gauges how efficiency in the patent market affects growth.
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Regional Capital Flows and Economic Regimes: Evidence from China
Liuchun Deng, Boqun Wang
Economics Letters,
April
2016
Abstract
Using provincial data from China, this paper examines the pattern of capital flows in relation to the transition of economic regimes. We show that fast-growing provinces experienced less capital inflows before the large-scale market reform, contrary to the prediction of the neoclassical growth theory. As China transitioned from the central-planning economy to the market economy, the negative correlation between productivity growth and capital inflows became much less pronounced. From a regional perspective, this finding suggests domestic institutional factors play an important role in shaping the pattern of capital flows.
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Vierteljährliche Konjunkturberichterstattung für das Land Sachsen-Anhalt - Die gesamtwirtschaftliche Lage im 4. Quartal 2015 -
Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch, Franziska Exß, Brigitte Loose
IWH Online,
No. 1,
2016
Abstract
Die gesamtwirtschaftliche Produktion in Sachsen-Anhalt hat nach den indikatorgestützten Schätzungen des IWH im vierten Quartal des Jahres 2015 um 0,3% zugenommen, nachdem sie im Quartal zuvor zurückgegangen war. Damit dürfte die Expansion im vierten Quartal 2015 in etwa mit der in Deutschland in Gleichklang gewesen sein.
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Multidimensional Well-being and Regional Disparities in Europe
Jörg Döpke, A. Knabe, Cornelia Lang, Philip Maschke
Abstract
Using data from the OECD Regional Well-Being Index – a set of quality-of-life indicators measured at the sub-national level, we construct a set of composite well-being indices. We analyse the extent to which the choice of five alternative aggregation methods affects the well-being ranking of regions. We find that regional inequality in these composite measures is lower than regional inequality in gross-domestic product (GDP) per capita. For most aggregation methods, the rank correlation across regions appears to be quite high. It is also shown that using alternative indicators instead of GDP per capita would only have a small effect on the set of regions eligible for aid from EU Structural Funds. The exception appears to be an aggregation based on how individual dimensions of welfare relate to average life satisfaction across regions, which would substantially change both the ranking of regions and which regions would receive EU funds.
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Does the Technological Content of Government Demand Matter for Private R&D? Evidence from US States
Viktor Slavtchev, Simon Wiederhold
American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics,
No. 2,
2016
Abstract
Governments purchase everything from airplanes to zucchini. This paper investigates the role of the technological content of government procurement in innovation. In a theoretical model, we first show that a shift in the composition of public purchases toward high-tech products translates into higher economy-wide returns to innovation, leading to an increase in the aggregate level of private R&D. Using unique data on federal procurement in US states and performing panel fixed-effects estimations, we find support for the model's prediction of a positive R&D effect of the technological content of government procurement. Instrumental-variable estimations suggest a causal interpretation of our findings.
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The Diablo 3 Economy: An Agent Based Approach
Makram El-Shagi, Gregor von Schweinitz
Computational Economics,
No. 2,
2016
Abstract
Designers of MMOs such as Diablo 3 face economic problems much like policy makers in the real world, e.g. inflation and distributional issues. Solving economic problems through regular updates (patches) became as important to those games as traditional gameplay issues. In this paper we provide an agent framework inspired by the economic features of Diablo 3 and analyze the effect of monetary policy in the game. Our model reproduces a number of features known from the Diablo 3 economy such as a heterogeneous price development, driven almost exclusively by goods of high quality, a highly unequal wealth distribution and strongly decreasing economic mobility. The basic framework presented in this paper is meant as a stepping stone to further research, where our evidence is used to deepen our understanding of the real-world counterparts of such problems. The advantage of our model is that it combines simplicity that is inherent to model economies with a similarly simple observable counterpart (namely the game environment where real agents interact). By matching the dynamics of the game economy we can thus easily verify that our behavioral assumptions are good approximations to reality.
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Vierteljährliche Konjunkturberichterstattung für das Land Sachsen-Anhalt - Die gesamtwirtschaftliche Lage im 3. Quartal 2015 -
Brigitte Loose, Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch, Franziska Exß
IWH Online,
No. 12,
2015
Abstract
Die gesamtwirtschaftliche Produktion in Sachsen-Anhalt ist nach den indikatorgestützten
Schätzungen des IWH im dritten Quartal des Jahres 2015 um 0,4% zurückgegangen, nachdem sie im Quartal zuvor kräftig zugelegt hatte. Damit blieb die Expansion im laufenden Quartal deutlich hinter der in Deutschland zurück.
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Do Federal Reserve Bank Presidents’ Interest Rate Votes in the FOMC Follow an Electoral Cycle?
Stefan Eichler, Tom Lähner
Applied Economics Letters,
No. 9,
2016
Abstract
We find that Federal Reserve Bank presidents’ regional bias in their dissenting interest rate votes in the Federal Open Market Committee follows an electoral cycle. Presidents put more weight on their district’s economic environment during the year prior to their (re-)election relative to nonelection years.
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