IWH-Flash-Indikator III. und IV. Quartal 2025
Katja Heinisch, Oliver Holtemöller, Axel Lindner, Birgit Schultz
IWH-Flash-Indikator,
No. 3,
2025
Abstract
Nach einem verhalten positiven Start ins Jahr hat die deutsche Wirtschaft im zweiten Quartal 2025 mit einem Rückgang um 0,1% im Vergleich zum Vorquartal erneut einen Dämpfer erhalten. Hauptursache für den leichten Produktionsrückgang im zweiten Quartal waren rückläufige Investitionen in Ausrüstungen und in Bauten, die durch den Anstieg der privaten und staatlichen Konsumausgaben nicht vollständig ausgeglichen werden konnten. Zudem hat die drastische Revision der amtlichen Statistik das Konjunkturbild der vergangenen drei Jahre grundlegend verändert: Es zeigt nun statt einer seit 2022 anhaltenden Stagnation eine kräftige Erholung nach den pandemiebedingten Einbußen in den Jahren 2021 und 2022 und seit Ende 2022 einen fortgesetzten Rückgang der Produktion, der erst in der zweiten Jahreshälfte 2024 vorläufig zum Ende kam.
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15th Annual IWH-CompNet Conference
15th Annual IWH-CompNet Conference 22-23 October 2026 - Brussels, Belgium Center for Business and Productivity Dynamics – CompNet, the Halle Institute for Economic Research, and…
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Reshaping the Economy? Local Reallocation Effects of Place-Based Policies
Sarah Fritz, Catherine van der List
CESifo Working Papers,
July
2025
Abstract
We study the effects of place-based policies on aggregate productivity using administrative data on projects co-financed by the EU in Italy linked to balance sheet data. We exploit quasi-experimental variation in funding for a large place-based policy stemming from measurement error in regional GDP estimates. Results show that the policy likely decreases productivity. Decompositions reveal that aggregate declines are driven by reallocation of labor to low-productivity firms. Mechanism analysis using firm-level event studies reveals that negative reallocation effects are caused by high-productivity firms taking up the funds and subsequently becoming more liquidity constrained, leading to slowdowns in employment growth.
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Essays in Supply Chains and Sustainable Finance
Sochima Uzonwanne
PhD Thesis, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena,
2025
Abstract
DThe interactions between supply chains and sustainable finance have become a key area of research in financial markets, driven by growing global awareness of environmental and social challenges. Article 1 examines how lenders use sustainability clauses to monitor borrowers with negative environmental incidents and compares the use of this unique loan agreement design with conventional loan terms, financial and balance sheet-related clauses. We show that lenders are less inclined to include sustainability clauses in the loan agreement if a borrower has a history of negative environmental incidents. In contrast, lenders use sustainability clauses to attract institutional investors to participate in syndication rather than as monitoring tools for borrowers' environmental performance. Article 2 examines whether banks associated with biodiversity loss in the Amazon region experience a withdrawal of deposits when depositors become aware of their financing activities. I find empirical evidence that so-called ‘Amazon carbon banks’ experience slower growth in deposits once depositors learn about their financing activities. This effect is particularly pronounced when Amazon carbon banks have branches in counties that experience greater biodiversity loss compared to other branches. Article 3, how European companies that are heavily integrated into global supply chains (GSC) are affected by a supply chain disruption (Covid-19). We show that Covid-19 negatively affects the revenue growth of companies that are heavily dependent on GSC in their home country. Crucially, we uncover the role of banking relationships in mitigating the disruptive effects.
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Global Banks’ Macroeconomic Expectations and Credit Supply
Xiang Li, Steven Ongena
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 8,
2025
Abstract
We investigate how global banks’ macroeconomic expectations for borrower countries influence their credit supply. Utilizing granular data on varying expectations among banks lending to the same firm at the same time, combined with an instrumental variable approach, we find that more optimistic GDP growth expectations for a borrower country are strongly linked to increased credit supply. Specifically, a one standard deviation increase in a lender’s GDP growth expectation for the borrower’s country corresponds to an increase of 8.46 percentage points in the loan share, equivalent to approximately 0.75 standard deviations of the loan share and $75.35 million in loan amount. In contrast, global banks’ short-term inflation expectations do not show a significant impact on their credit supply.
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12.06.2025 • 19/2025
Economic recovery in Germany – but structural problems and US trade policy weigh on the economy
The German economy has picked up somewhat in the first half of 2025. This was helped by the temporary increase in demand from the US in anticipation of higher tariffs. If the US does not escalate its trade conflicts further, production in Germany according to the summer forecast of the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) is likely to increase a bit (by 0.4%) in 2025, after two years of decline. In March, the IWH economists were forecasting growth of 0.1% for the current year. Growth of 1.1% is forecast for the year 2026. Similar expansion rates are to be expected for East Germany.
Oliver Holtemöller
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Konjunktur aktuell: Konjunkturelle Belebung in Deutschland – strukturelle Probleme und US-Handelspolitik belasten
Konjunktur aktuell,
No. 2,
2025
Abstract
Wie es mit der internationalen Konjunktur in diesem und im kommenden Jahr weitergeht, hängt im Wesentlichen vom Fortgang der Handelskonflikte zwischen den USA und dem Rest der Welt ab. Alles in allem steigt die Weltproduktion in den Jahren 2025 und 2026 um jeweils 2,3%. Das größte weltwirtschaftliche Risiko besteht darin, dass die Handelskonflikte der USA mit der EU und insbesondere mit China weiter eskalieren. Für die deutsche Wirtschaft gibt es mehr und mehr Anzeichen für eine konjunkturelle Erholung, die jedoch ebenfalls erheblich von der möglichen Eskalation der US-Handelskonflikte gefährdet ist. Das Bruttoinlandsprodukt dürfte im Jahr 2025 mit 0,4% erstmals seit zwei Jahren wieder etwas zunehmen.
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Centre for Evidence-based Policy Advice
Centre for Evidence-based Policy Advice (IWH-CEP) The Centre for Evidence-based Policy Advice (IWH-CEP) of the IWH was founded in 2014. It is a platform that bundles and…
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Evaluation of the InvKG and the federal STARK programme
Evaluation of the InvKG and the federal STARK programme Coal Regions Investment Act (InvKG) and the Federal Government’s STARK programme On behalf of the Federal Ministry for…
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21.05.2025 • 17/2025
Uncertainty Holds Back European Economy ‒ Report by AIECE, a Network of European Economic Research Institutes
The AIECE Association of European Economic Research Institutes has today published its bi-annual General Report, following the Spring 2025 Meeting held in Oslo hosted by Statistics Norway. The Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) is a long-time member of this network and regularly contributes its economic expertise to the joint analyses and forecasts. On average, AIECE member institutes forecast EU GDP to grow by of 1.2% in 2025 and 1.5% in 2026. The average forecast for Euro Area GDP growth is 1.0% and 1.3%. These forecasts are a bit more optimistic than those presented in the OECD's March 2025 Interim Report and the IMF's Spring 2025 World Economic Outlook.
Axel Lindner
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