24.03.2014 • 11/2014
IWH gut aufgestellt: Vorstandsrat trifft wichtige Entscheidungen
Der Vorstandsrat des Instituts für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH) hat in seiner heutigen Sitzung die Weichen für die Zeit nach dem Wechsel der IWH-Präsidentin Claudia Buch zur Bundesbank gestellt. Der Leiter der Abteilung Makroökonomik, Oliver Holtemöller, wurde in den Vorstand gewählt. Höchste Priorität hat für den Vorstandsrat eine zügige Regelung der Präsidentschaftsnachfolge. Die Präsidentschaft des IWH wird als gemeinsame Berufung mit der Universität Magdeburg in Kürze ausgeschrieben. Zur Ende 2014 anstehenden Evaluierung durch die Leibniz-Gemeinschaft soll bereits eine designierte Präsidentschaftsnachfolge das erfolgversprechende Zukunftskonzept des IWH vertreten können.
Download Press Release
R&D Cooperation for Non-technological Innovations
Gunnar Pippel
Economics of Innovation and New Technology,
No. 7,
2014
Abstract
Past research on the impact of R&D cooperation on firm innovation performance has almost solely focused on technological innovations. This paper investigates the impact of R&D cooperation on non-technological innovation performance of firms. In doing so, seven different cooperation partner types are distinguished. Survey data from German firms are used for the econometric analysis. It is shown that R&D cooperation increases the probability of a firm to introduce non-technological innovations. R&D cooperation with suppliers, consultants, other firms within the same firm group and universities has a significant positive impact on organizational and marketing innovation performance. Cooperation with governmental research institutes and competitors has no significant effect. R&D cooperation with customers has a significant impact on a firm's organizational innovation performance, but not on marketing innovation performance.
Read article
26.02.2014 • 6/2014
IWH-Präsidentin Buch soll Lautenschläger-Nachfolgerin werden
Mit großem Respekt und Bedauern nimmt das gesamte Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH) die heutige Entscheidung des Bundeskabinetts zur Kenntnis, die IWH-Präsidentin Claudia Buch als Bundesbank-Vizepräsidentin zu nominieren. Die Annahme dieses Amtes wäre für Frau Buch mit der Niederlegung der Institutspräsidentschaft verbunden.
Pierre Azoulay
Download Press Release
Non-union Worker Representation, Foreign Owners, and the Performance of Establishments
U. Jirjahn, Steffen Müller
Oxford Economic Papers,
No. 1,
2014
Abstract
Using German establishment data, this study provides the first econometric analysis on the interaction of establishment-level codetermination and foreign owners. Works councils are associated with higher productivity in domestic-owned establishments while they are associated with lower productivity in foreign-owned establishments. Our results conform to the notion that foreign ownership can involve strong tensions with the institutional patterns of the host country.
Read article
Parent Universities and the Location of Academic Startups
S. Heblich, Viktor Slavtchev
Small Business Economics,
No. 1,
2014
Abstract
Academic startups are thought to locate in their parent university’s home region because geographic proximity to a university facilitates access to academic knowledge and resources. In this paper we analyze the importance of a different channel, namely social ties between academic entrepreneurs and university researchers, for the access to academic knowledge and resources, and therefore for the location of the startups. We employ unique data on academic startups from regions with more than one university and find that only the parent university influences academic entrepreneurs’ decisions to stay in the region while other universities in the same region play no role. Our findings suggest that geographic proximity to a university may not per se guarantee access to knowledge and resources; social contacts are additionally required. The importance of social ties implies that academic knowledge and resources are not necessarily local public goods. This holds implications for universities’ role in stimulating regional development.
Read article
09.01.2014 • 2/2014
Hallenser Leibniz-Institute präsentieren ihre Forschung zu Transformationsökonomien auf einer der wichtigsten sozialwissenschaftlichen Konferenzen weltweit
Die Erforschung ökonomischer Transformationsprozesse gehört zu den Leitthemen der beiden Forschungsinstitute und stößt nicht nur in den betroffenen Regionen, sondern auch international auf Interesse. Erkenntnisse über die Entwicklungen in Mittel- und Osteuropa und Asien helfen der Wissenschaft, Strukturwandel und dessen wirtschaftspolitische Steuerung besser zu verstehen.
Download Press Release
Why Do Banks Provide Leasing?
D. Bülbül, Felix Noth, M. Tyrell
Journal of Financial Services Research,
No. 2,
2014
Abstract
Banks are engaging in leasing activities at an increasing rate, which is demonstrated by aggregated data for both European and U.S. banking companies. However, little is known about leasing activities at the bank level. The contribution of this paper is the introduction of the nexus of leasing in banking. Beginning from an institutional basis, this paper describes the key features of banks’ leasing activities using the example of German regional banks. The banks in this sample can choose from different types of leasing contracts, providing the banks with a degree of leeway in conducting business with their clients. We find a robust and significant positive impact of banks’ leasing activities on their profitability. Specifically, the beneficial effect of leasing stems from commission business in which the bank acts as a middleman and is not affected by the potential defaults of customers.
Read article
The Impact of Institutional and Social Characteristics on Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from Japan
Stefan Eichler, Alexander Karmann, N. Lucke
Annals of Financial Economics,
No. 2,
2013
Abstract
We examine the determinants of Japanese foreign direct investment (FDI) focusing on institutional and social factors. Using panel data on 59 countries from 1995 to 2008, we find that host countries with free and open markets and greater cultural distance from Japan attract Japanese FDI. Good institutions, such as a well-developed legal framework and an effective government, are important in promoting Japanese FDI to emerging economies, whereas fewer regulatory restrictions, lower tax burden, and more religious diversity attract Japanese FDI to developed countries. We find that corruption stimulates Japanese FDI to developed countries, which is contrary to most previous research.
Read article
16.12.2013 • 42/2013
Ein entscheidendes Jahr für die Banken
Die akute Phase der Finanzkrise scheint überwunden. Doch viele Banken sind noch durch Altkredite belastet, deren tatsächlicher Wert unsicher ist. Für Claudia Buch, Präsidentin des Instituts für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH), besteht die entscheidende Aufgabe des kommenden Jahres darin, Umfang und Abschreibungsbedarf dieser notleidenden Kredite umfassend zu erheben und dabei offenbarte Kapitallücken zu schließen. Gelingt den Banken dies nicht aus eigener Kraft, sieht sie die Mitgliedstaaten in der Verantwortung. Nur wenn der Bankensektor zuvor von seinen Altlasten befreit wird, so Claudia Buch in ihrem Kommentar, kann die europäische Bankenunion im Jahr 2015 glaubwürdig starten.
Download Press Release
MNEs and Regional R&D Co-operation: Evidence from Post-Transition Economies
Andrea Gauselmann
Grincoh Working Papers,
2013
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to contribute to the literature by investigating the determinants of R&D co-operation between MNEs’ foreign subsidiaries and enterprises in the region of location, thereby leading to a better understanding which firm- and region-specific factors influence this co-operation behavior. Applying a logit model, this paper investigates which firm- and region-specific determinants influence technological cooperation between foreign subsidiaries and suppliers, customers, and research institutions in the region of location. Results suggest that especially the foreign subsidiary’s mandate in terms of R&D, its internal technological embeddedness, its technological capability but also the regional knowledge stock are positively associated with these co-operations. The analysis focuses on post-transition economies, using the example of five selected CEE countries and East Germany. We exploit a unique dataset - the IWH FDI Micro database - which holds information on 1,245 foreign subsidiaries in this region.
Read article
