05.09.2024 • 24/2024
Moderate economic growth in the world – German economy continues to stagnate
Production in Germany has been stagnating for two years and is roughly the same level as shortly before the outbreak of the pandemic. Investment of firms is particularly weak. An important reason for fewer investments is the sluggish export business. Private households are also holding back on consumption, mainly due to concerns about the longer-term economic outlook. According to the autumn forecast of the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH), gross domestic product in Germany is likely to stagnate in 2024 and to increase by 1.0% in 2025 as capacity utilisation normalises. In June, the IWH forecast had still assumed a growth of 0.3% in 2024 and of 1.5% in 2025. In East Germany, gross domestic product will increase by 0.3% this year and by 0.9% in 2025.
Oliver Holtemöller
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24.06.2024 • 21/2024
Ausgebildet in Halle für Top-Arbeitgeber weltweit
Das Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH) hat heute bekanntgegeben, dass drei seiner bisherigen Doktoranden bedeutende Positionen in angesehenen internationalen Forschungseinrichtungen erlangt haben.
Michael Koetter
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13.06.2024 • 17/2024
German economy still on the defensive – but first signs of an end to the downturn
In the first half of 2024, signs of an economic recovery are increasing. Production, however, is likely to expand only modestly during summer. From the autumn, the recovery is likely to pick up speed with higher real incomes and a modest increase in exports. In its summer forecast, the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) expects gross domestic product to expand by 0.3% in 2024 and by 1.5% in 2025 (East Germany: 0.6% and 1.4%). In March, the IWH forecast had assumed a growth of 0.2% in 2024 and of 1.5% in 2025.
Oliver Holtemöller
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23.04.2024 • 13/2024
Chinese mass imports strengthen extreme parties
Globalisation has led to an increase in votes for the political fringes in Europe. A study by the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) is the first to show the long-term consequences of increased Chinese imports in European regions: Far-right and populist parties in particular have benefited from the so-called China shock in national elections.
Steffen Müller
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27.03.2024 • 11/2024
East Germany's lead over West Germany in terms of growth is bound to shrink – Implications of the Joint Economic Forecast Spring 2024 for the East German economy
In 2023, the East German economy is expected to have expanded by 0.5%, while it shrank by 0.3% in Germany as a whole. The Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) forecasts an East German growth rate of 0.5% again for 2024, and a rate of 1.5% in 2025. The unemployment rate is expected to be 7.3% in 2024 and 7.1% in the following year.
Oliver Holtemöller
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27.03.2024 • 10/2024
Joint Economic Forecast 1/2024: Headwinds from Germany and abroad: institutes revise forecast significantly downwards
According to Germany’s five leading economic research institutes, the country’s economy shows cyclical and structural weaknesses. In their spring report, they revised their GDP forecast for the current year significantly downward to 0.1%. In the recent fall report, the figure was still 1.3%. Expectations for the coming year are almost unchanged at 1.4% (previously 1.5%). However, the level of economic activity will then be over 30 billion euros lower due to the current weak phase.
Oliver Holtemöller
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Deutsche Wirtschaft kränkelt – Reform der Schuldenbremse kein Allheilmittel
Dienstleistungsauftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz,
No. 1,
2024
Abstract
Die Wirtschaft in Deutschland ist angeschlagen. Eine bis zuletzt zähe konjunkturelle Schwächephase geht mit schwindenden Wachstumskräften einher. In der lahmenden gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung überlagern sich somit konjunkturelle und strukturelle Faktoren. Zwar dürfte ab dem Frühjahr eine Erholung einsetzen, die Dynamik wird aber insgesamt nicht allzu groß ausfallen.
Zeitlich verzögert und in abgeschwächter Form hat das konjunkturelle Grundmuster, das die Institute im vergangenen Herbstgutachten gezeichnet hatten, im Prognosezeitraum weiterhin Bestand. Im laufenden Jahr avanciert der private Konsum zur wichtigsten Triebkraft für die Konjunktur. Nachdem der ab Mitte 2021 einsetzende Teuerungsschub die Massenkaufkraft zwei Jahre lang drastisch geschmälert hatte, steigen die real verfügbaren Einkommen nun wieder deutlich. Zum einen bildet sich der kräftige Preisauftrieb weiter zurück, zum anderen werden nun mehr und mehr höhere Lohnabschlüsse wirksam, die zunächst nur verzögert an die hohe Geldentwertung angepasst werden konnten. Zudem schlägt auch bei den monetären Sozialleistungen in beiden Prognosejahren wieder ein deutliches reales Plus zu Buche. Damit fließt insgesamt mehr Kaufkraft an private Haushalte. Während somit in diesem Jahr die konsumbezogenen Auftriebskräfte dominieren, trägt im kommenden Jahr vermehrt das Auslandsgeschäft die Konjunktur.
Alles in allem revidieren die Institute ihre Prognose für die Veränderung des Bruttoinlandsprodukts im laufenden Jahr gegenüber ihrem Herbstgutachten deutlich um 1,2 Prozentpunkte nach unten auf nunmehr 0,1 %. Die Prognose für die Rate im kommenden Jahr bleibt mit 1,4 % nahezu unverändert (Rücknahme um 0,1 Prozentpunkte), geht aber mit einem um über 30 Mrd. Euro geringeren Volumen der Wirtschaftsleistung einher. Die Werte für die jahresdurchschnittliche Veränderung überzeichnen die Unterschiede in der konjunkturellen Dynamik beider Jahre, die ausweislich der jeweiligen Verlaufsraten mit 1,0 % und 1,5 % weniger ausgeprägt sind. Gleichwohl verlagert sich die Erholung nunmehr stärker in das kommende Jahr.
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12.03.2024 • 8/2024
Risk in the banking sector: four out of ten top supervisors come from the financial industry
Europe's banks realise excess returns on the stock market when their alumni join the boards of national supervisory authorities. A study by the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) shows that this happens more frequently than previously recognised. The findings indicate a risk to financial stability and call for a more merit-based, transparent appointment of senior regulators.
Michael Koetter
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07.03.2024 • 6/2024
Germany stuck in stagnation ‒ private consumption remains below pre-pandemic levels
Weak consumption and investment in Germany are partly due to inflation-induced losses in real income and declines in energy-intensive production. However, concerns about the competitive strength of the German economy are also weighing on the willingness of private households and companies to spend. In its spring forecast, the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) expects gross domestic product to expand by just 0.2% in 2024, while the forecast for 2025 includes growth of 1.5% (eastern Germany: 0.5% and 1.4%). Last December, the IWH forecast had assumed an increase of 0.5% for Germany in 2024 and of 1.2% for 2025.
Oliver Holtemöller
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12.01.2024 • 2/2024
Green transition and the debt brake: Implications of additional investment for public finances and private consumption in Germany
The German Climate Protection Act stipulates, among other things, that greenhouse gas emissions in Germany are to be reduced by 65% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. The green investments required to achieve this target are likely to amount to around 2.5% of gross domestic product each year. According to the medium-term projection of the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH), the associated additional government spending on public investment and support measures cannot be financed from projected tax revenues. It is therefore to be expected that the tax burden on households will increase and private consumption will be curbed accordingly, if both the current form of the debt brake and the greenhouse gas reduction targets are maintained.
Oliver Holtemöller
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