Church Membership and Economic Recovery: Evidence from the 2005 Hurricane Season
Iftekhar Hasan, Stefano Manfredonia, Felix Noth
Economic Journal,
forthcoming
Abstract
This paper investigates the critical role of church membership in the process of economic recovery after high-impact natural disasters. We document a significant adverse treatment effect of the 2005 hurricane season in the Southeastern United States on establishment-level productivity. However, we find that establishments in counties with higher rates of church membership saw a significantly stronger recovery in terms of productivity for 2005–10. We also show that church membership is correlated with post-disaster entrepreneurship activities and population growth.
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08.01.2025 • 1/2025
IWH founds a European centre for microdata research
The Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) is once again growing significantly. A new institute unit will generate access to microdata from European countries to facilitate new research on productivity, a prerequisite for prosperity. The IWH's budget increases by almost one million euros per year.
Reint E. Gropp
Javier Miranda
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Reassessing EU Comparative Advantage: The Role of Technology
Filippo di Mauro, Marco Matani, Gianmarco Ottaviano
IWH-CompNet Discussion Papers,
No. 2,
2024
Abstract
Based on the sufficient statistics approach developed by Huang and Ottaviano (2024), we show how the state of technology of European industries relative to the rest of the world can be empirically assessed in a way that is simple in terms of computation, parsimonious in terms of data requirements, but still comprehensive in terms of information. The lack of systematic cross-industry correlation between export specialization and technological advantage suggests that standard measures of revealed comparative advantage only imperfectly capture a country’s technological prowess due to the concurrent influences of factor prices, market size, markups, firm selection and market share reallocation.
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Reassessing EU Comparative Advantage: The Role of Technology
Filippo di Mauro, Marco Matani, Gianmarco Ottaviano
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 26,
2024
Abstract
Based on the sufficient statistics approach developed by Huang and Ottaviano (2024), we show how the state of technology of European industries relative to the rest of the world can be empirically assessed in a way that is simple in terms of computation, parsimonious in terms of data requirements, but still comprehensive in terms of information. The lack of systematic cross-industry correlation between export specialization and technological advantage suggests that standard measures of revealed comparative advantage only imperfectly capture a country’s technological prowess due to the concurrent influences of factor prices, market size, markups, firm selection and market share reallocation.
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12.12.2024 • 31/2024
Frosty prospects for the German economy
The German economy will continue to stagnate in winter 2024/2025. Industry is suffering from a loss of international competitiveness. For this reason and due to the unclear economic policy outlook, firms and consumers are holding back on spending, although incomes have increased recently. Consumer spending will only increase more strongly once the uncertainty subsides. According to the winter forecast of the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH), gross domestic product in Germany is expected to fall by 0.2% in 2024 and to expand by 0.4% in 2025. In September, the IWH forecast had still assumed a zero growth in 2024 and a growth of 1.0% in 2025. In East Germany, gross domestic product will increase by 0.5% both this year and in 2025.
Oliver Holtemöller
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Konjunktur aktuell: Frostige Aussichten für die deutsche Wirtschaft
Konjunktur aktuell,
No. 4,
2024
Abstract
Zur Jahreswende dürfte die weltweite Produktion weiterhin in etwa so schnell wie in der Dekade vor der Pandemie expandieren. Die Konjunktur im Euroraum ist nur verhalten, und die Stagnation der deutschen Wirtschaft setzt sich fort. Die Industrie verliert an internationaler Wettbewerbsfähigkeit. Unternehmen und Verbraucher halten sich aufgrund unklarer wirtschaftspolitischer Aussichten mit ihren Ausgaben zurück. Das Bruttoinlandsprodukt dürfte im Jahr 2024 um 0,2% sinken und im Jahr 2025 um 0,4% expandieren.
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IWH-Flash-Indikator IV. Quartal 2024 und I. Quartal 2025
Katja Heinisch, Oliver Holtemöller, Axel Lindner, Birgit Schultz
IWH-Flash-Indikator,
No. 4,
2024
Abstract
Der deutsche Konjunkturmotor stottert weiter vor sich hin. Obwohl das Bruttoinlandsprodukt (BIP) im dritten Quartal 2024 um 0,2% zunahm, liegt es immer noch unter dem Niveau vom ersten Quartal 2024, da das zweite Quartal nach neuesten Zahlen weitaus schwächer ausgefallen ist als zuvor gemeldet (vgl. Abbildung 1). Der leichte Zuwachs im dritten Quartal dürfte dabei vor allem auf gestiegene staatliche und private Konsumausgaben zurückzuführen sein. In den Unternehmen ist die Stimmung weiterhin trüb und die wirtschaftspolitische Unsicherheit dürfte weiterhin hoch bleiben. Zudem belasten nach wie vor gestiegene Energie- und Lohnkosten die Investitionsbereitschaft der Unternehmen. Alles in allem dürfte das Bruttoinlandsprodukt (BIP) laut IWH-Flash-Indikator im vierten Quartal 2024 stagnieren. Für den Jahresbeginn 2025 deuten allerdings die Frühindikatoren auf eine Belebung der wirtschaftlichen Aktivitäten und einen Anstieg des BIP um 0,4% hin. Diese reflektieren jedoch noch nicht die jüngsten politischen Ereignisse in den USA und in Deutschland.
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Climate-resilient Economic Development in Vietnam: Insights from a Dynamic General Equilibrium Analysis (DGE-CRED)
Andrej Drygalla, Katja Heinisch, Christoph Schult
IWH Technical Reports,
No. 1,
2024
Abstract
In a multi-sector and multi-region framework, this paper employs a dynamic general equilibrium model to analyze climate-resilient economic development (DGE-CRED) in Vietnam. We calibrate sector and region-specific damage functions and quantify climate variable impacts on productivity and capital formation for various shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs 119, 245, and 585). Our results based on simulations and cost-benefit analyses reveal a projected 5 percent reduction in annual GDP by 2050 in the SSP 245 scenario. Adaptation measures for the dyke system are crucial to mitigate the consumption gap, but they alone cannot sufficiently address it. Climate-induced damages to agriculture and labor productivity are the primary drivers of consumption reductions, underscoring the need for focused adaptation measures in the agricultural sector and strategies to reduce labor intensity as vital policy considerations for Vietnam’s response to climate change.
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Robots, Occupations, and Worker Age: A Production-unit Analysis of Employment
Liuchun Deng, Steffen Müller, Verena Plümpe, Jens Stegmaier
European Economic Review,
November
2024
Abstract
We analyse the impact of robot adoption on employment composition using novel micro data on robot use in German manufacturing plants linked with social security records and data on job tasks. Our task-based model predicts more favourable employment effects for the least routine-task intensive occupations and for young workers, with the latter being better at adapting to change. An event-study analysis of robot adoption confirms both predictions. We do not find adverse employment effects for any occupational or age group, but churning among low-skilled workers rises sharply. We conclude that the displacement effect of robots is occupation biased but age neutral, whereas the reinstatement effect is age biased and benefits young workers most.
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Interview: Gibt es aktuell eine Insolvenzwelle in Deutschland?
Steffen Müller
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 3,
2024
Abstract
In den letzten Wochen gab es zahlreiche Medienberichte zu Insolvenzen in Deutschland, darunter einige bekannte Namen. Befinden wir uns in einer Insolvenzwelle? Dazu sprechen wir mit dem Insolvenz-Experten Professor Dr. Steffen Müller vom Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH).
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