Suburbane Einheitsgemeinde Schkopau - Eine Stadtumlandgemeinde im Zwiespalt zwischen Subsidiarität und Zentralismus
Sabine Döhler
Statistik Regional Electronic Papers, 2007-01,
2007
Abstract
Die (kleinräumige) administrative Gliederung von Sachsen-Anhalt unterliegt in jüngster Zeit einem starken Wandel. Insbesondere für die noch anstehende Lösung der Stadtumlandproblematik ist es notwendig, sich ein klares Bild über die bestehenden Strukturen zu verschaffen. Für eine fundierte Aussagekraft bzgl. der Konkurrenzfähigkeit bestehender Strukturen im Umland der kreisfreien Städte Sachsen-Anhalts, ist es notwendig, Informationen über den Verflechtungsgrad aber auch zu Fragen der finanziellen Leistungsfähigkeit sowie des Homogenitätsgrades der Untersuchungseinheiten zu gewinnen.
Im Widerstreit zwischen Zentralismus und Subsidiarität versucht dieser Beitrag zur Klärung der sich zuspitzenden Stadt-Umland-Problemlage beizutragen, indem er in einem ersten Schritt Argumente für die im Umland der kreisfreien Stadt Halle befindliche Einheitsgemeinde Schkopau zusammenträgt. Es zeigt sich, dass insbesondere die funktionale Struktur der Einheitsgemeinde durch den dort befindlichen Industriepark determiniert wird. Dies bewirkt relativ starke Verflechtungen mit dem Umland. Abschließend wird ein knapper Ausblick auf die daraus ableitbaren Zielvorstellung der beteiligten Akteure ermöglicht.
Read article
International Banking and the Allocation of Risk
Claudia M. Buch
IAW Discussion Paper No. 32,
2007
Abstract
Macroeconomic risks could magnify individual bank risk. Mitigating the influence of economy-wide risks on banks could therefore be very important to maintain a smooth-running banking system. In this paper, we explore the extent to which macroeconomic risks affect banks. We use a bank-level dataset on over 2,000 banks worldwide for the years 1995-2002 to study the effect of macroeconomic volatility, the openness of the banking system, and banking regulations on bank risks. Our measure of bank risk is the volatility of banks' pre-tax profits. We find that macroeconomic volatility increases banks' profit volatility and that international openness of the banking system lowers bank risk. We find no impact of banking regulation on profit volatility. Our findings suggest that if policymakers want to lower bank risk, they should seek to lower macroeconomic volatility as well as increase openness in the banking system.
Read article
Europäische Klimapolitik: Gibt es Alternativen zum Kioto-Protokoll?
Katja Drechsel, Dirk T. G. Rübbelke
Europäische Umweltpolitik,
2007
Abstract
Read article
Why do banks hold capital in excess of regulatory requirements? A functional approach
Diemo Dietrich, Uwe Vollmer
DBW-Die Betriebswirtschaft,
No. 2,
2007
Abstract
This paper explains why banks hold a capital ratio in excess of regulatory requirements. We demonstrate that banks can use capital ratios as a strategic tool for renegotiating loans with borrowers. Since the ability of banks to commit to a harsh treatment of borrowers depends on the capital ratio in a non-monotonic way, a bank may be forced to exceed capital requirements.
Read article
Optimizing knowledge transfer by new employees in companies
Sidonia vonLedebur
Knowledge Management Research and Practice,
No. 4,
2007
Abstract
Companies realize innovations by creating and implementing new knowledge. One possible source of innovative ideas are new employees. Based on an existing game-theoretic model the conditions of efficient knowledge transfer in a team are analyzed. Offering knowledge to a colleague cannot be controlled directly by the company due to information asymmetries. Thus the management has to provide incentives, which motivate the employees to act in favor of the company. The aim of this paper is to show what influences the propensity of the employees to engage in knowledge transfer and how the management can design the incentive structure for optimal transfer. Several factors are relevant, especially the individual costs of participating in the transfer. These consist mainly of the existing absorptive capacity and the working atmosphere. The model is at least partly generalized on more players. The relevance of the adequate team size is shown: too few or too many developers decrease the remaining company profit. A further result is that depending on the cost structure, perfect knowledge transfer is not always best for the profit of the company.
Read article
Korruption, Institutionen und Einkommensniveau
Makram El-Shagi
Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftswissenschaften,
2007
Abstract
Read article
FDI versus exports: Evidence from German banks
Claudia M. Buch, A. Lipponer
Journal of Banking and Finance,
No. 3,
2007
Abstract
We use a new bank-level dataset to study the FDI-versus-exports decision for German banks. We extend the literature on multinational firms in two directions. First, we simultaneously study FDI and the export of cross-border financial services. Second, we test recent theories on multinational firms which show the importance of firm heterogeneity [Helpman, E., Melitz, M.J., Yeaple, S.R., 2004. Export versus FDI. American Economic Review 94 (1), 300–316]. Our results show that FDI and cross-border services are complements rather than substitutes. Heterogeneity of banks has a significant impact on the internationalization decision. More profitable and larger banks are more likely to expand internationally than smaller banks. They have more extensive foreign activities, and they are more likely to engage in FDI in addition to cross-border financial services.
Read article
Die Einführung von Kapitalverkehrskontrollen mit Korruptionsabsichten
Makram El-Shagi
List Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik,
No. 4,
2007
Abstract
Read article
Benchmarking national biotechnology policy across Europe: a systems approach using quantitative and qualitative indicators.
Thomas Reiss, Iciar Dominguez Lacasa
Research Evaluation. Special issue on new challenges in quantitative science and technology research Vol. 16 (4),
No. 4,
2007
Abstract
Read article
Analysis of location of large-area shopping centres - A probalistic gravity model for the Halle-Leipzig area
Alexander Kubis, Maria Hartmann
Jahrbuch für Regionalwissenschaft,
No. 1,
2007
Abstract
A profund analysis of large-area shopping centres from the perspective of retail, but also of communes is of importance for the choice of site selection. In central Germany, the Halle–Leipzig area represents an example of strong competitiveness between the different participants in retail. The analysis described in this article is based on the MCI Model of Nakanishi and Cooper, which is used to investigate the regional influences of nine large shopping centres in the area of interest. The analysis demonstrates, that the studied shopping centres intensely affect the structure of retail in the region and exert a strong influence on the structural weakness of the surrounding cities due to their relative success in comparison to other retail locations city centres. An important volume of the turnover of the administrative districts flows to the analysed shopping centres. On the other hand, the article describes the influence of a systematic location decision on the reachable turnover potential of the modelized large-area shopping centres among each other. The shopping centres Saale Park (today Nova Eventis) near Leipzig and the Paunsdorf Center in Leipzig show the biggest influence on the competing centres.
Read article