Länder-Rankings und internationale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit. Eine kritische Analyse
Ullrich Heilemann, Harald Lehmann, Joachim Ragnitz
Schriften des IWH,
No. 24,
2006
Abstract
Die Welt wird immer komplexer – entsprechend nimmt in der Öffentlichkeit die Nachfrage nach "Komplexitätsreduktion" zu. Allgemein zugängliche Datenangebote, moderne Statistik und Technik erlauben es, diese Nachfrage zu bedienen, und so überrascht es wenig, wenn in den letzten Jahren "Ranking-Vergleiche" aller Art an Verbreitung gewonnen haben. Aus theoretischer wie aus empirischer Sicht stellt sich freilich die Frage, ob und wie die Rankings die angestrebte Informationsverdichtung erreichen, ob tatsächlich das gemessen wird, was zu messen vorgegeben wird. Betrachtet man die entsprechenden Ergebnisse der Rankings in den letzten Jahren oder ihre Berechnungsschemata, treten Zweifel auf. Wie die Ergebnisse zeigen, ist die Aussagekraft dieser Rankings als sehr eingeschränkt anzusehen.
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Information Feedback in Temporal Networks as a Predictor of Market Crashes
Stjepan Begušić, Zvonko Kostanjčar, Dejan Kovač, Boris Podobnik, H. Eugene Stanley
Complexity,
September
2018
Abstract
In complex systems, statistical dependencies between individual components are often considered one of the key mechanisms which drive the system dynamics observed on a macroscopic level. In this paper, we study cross-sectional time-lagged dependencies in financial markets, quantified by nonparametric measures from information theory, and estimate directed temporal dependency networks in financial markets. We examine the emergence of strongly connected feedback components in the estimated networks, and hypothesize that the existence of information feedback in financial networks induces strong spatiotemporal spillover effects and thus indicates systemic risk. We obtain empirical results by applying our methodology on stock market and real estate data, and demonstrate that the estimated networks exhibit strongly connected components around periods of high volatility in the markets. To further study this phenomenon, we construct a systemic risk indicator based on the proposed approach, and show that it can be used to predict future market distress. Results from both the stock market and real estate data suggest that our approach can be useful in obtaining early-warning signals for crashes in financial markets.
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Predicting the Rise of EU Right-Wing Populism in Response to Unbalanced Immigration
Marko Jusup, Dejan Kovač, Boris Podobnik, H. Eugene Stanley
Complexity,
August
2017
Abstract
Among the central tenets of globalization is the free migration of labor. Although much has been written about the benefits of globalization, little is known about its limitations and how antiglobalist sentiment can be strongly affected by high levels of immigration. Analyzing poll data from a group of EU countries affected by the recent migrant crisis, we find that over the last three years the percentage of right-wing (RW) populist voters in a given country depends on the prevalence of immigrants in this country’s population and the total immigration inflow into the entire EU. The latter is likely due to the perception that the EU functions as a supranational state in which a lack of inner borders means that “someone else’s problem” can easily become “my problem.” We find that the increase in the percentage of RW voters substantially surpasses the percentage of immigration inflow, implying that if this process continues, ongoing democratic processes will cause RW populism to prevail and globalization to rapidly decrease. We locate tipping points between the fraction of immigrants and the rise of RW populism, and we model our empirical findings using a complex network framework in which the success of globalization rests on a balance between immigration and immigrant integration.
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Negotiated Third Party Access - an Industrial Organisation Perspective
Christian Growitsch, Thomas Wein
European Journal of Law and Economics,
2005
Abstract
In the course of the liberalization of European energy markets, the German government opted – diverging from all other European countries – for Negotiated Third-Party Access. In this article we analyze if, theoretically, this institutional regime can be superior to regulation. We review empirically whether certain aspects of the actual implementation, in particular publication of the network access charges for each network supplier, facilitated or inhibited competition. In the first place we reconsider previous research, showing that NTPA can – under certain conditions – be economically effective. Our empirical analysis shows that the duty of publishing access charges supported market transparency and imposed a regulatory threat, particularly to suppliers with significantly above-average charges. On the other hand observable price adjustments over time serve as an indicator of tacit collusion. Although the expensive suppliers cut their prices, the cheaper ones raised theirs.
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Currency crises in Central and Eastern Europe
Axel Brüggemann, Hubert Gabrisch, Martina Kämpfe, Thomas Linne, Lucjan T. Orlowski, Johannes Stephan
Schriften des IWH,
No. 5,
2000
Abstract
Die vorliegende Publikation analysiert Währungskrisen in Mittel- und Osteuropa. Es werden die Ergebnisse eines Forschungsprojekts wiedergegeben, welches das Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums der Finanzen durchgeführt hat. Im Rahmen dieses Projektes (ursprünglicher Titel: Leistungsbilanzentwicklung – Ursachen, Übertragung von Währungskrisen und wirtschaftspolitische Konsequenzen in mittel- und osteuropäischen Ländern) wurden die Gründe und die Tragbarkeit (sustainability) von Leistungsbilanzdefiziten untersucht; weiter wurde die Übertragung von Währungskrisen zwischen den Regionen überprüft; schließlich galt es Handlungsoptionen auszuloten, die zum Ziel haben, den Ausbruch oder die Übertragung einer Währungskrise zu verhindern.
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Vierteljährliche Konjunkturprognose für das Bundesland Sachsen-Anhalt: Methodische Grundlagen. Gutachten im Auftrag des Ministeriums für Wirtschaft, Technologie und Europaangelegenheiten des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt
Udo Ludwig, Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch, Doris Gladisch, Klaus Wohlgezogen
One-off Publications,
2001
Abstract
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Deutschland 1995: Anhaltender Aufschwung im Westen - stetiges Wachstum im Osten
Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch, Jürgen Boje, Ruth Grunert, Ingrid Haschke, Frank Klawun, Stefan Kofner, Udo Ludwig
Schriften des IWH,
No. 4,
1994
Abstract
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Trotz hoher Wachstumsraten erheblicher Produktivitätsrückstand
Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch
One-off Publications,
1993
Abstract
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The contribution of foreign banks to intermediation performance of regulated financial systems. The example of South Korea
Ralf Müller
Schriften des IWH,
No. 3,
1999
Abstract
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