During the second quarter of 2001 German overall production stagnated. Weak global development muddied the economic prospects of firms and prevented them from rising their output and their investment activities. In 2001 gross national product will only increase by 1%; the number of unemployed will be higher than expected. Nevertheless, we advise against an increase in public expenditure that aims at stimulating the economy. Anyhow, growing public deficits, caused by cyclical movements, should be accepted. In order to increase employment labour market reforms become more urgent. In East Germany, currently even a decline in gross national product cannot be excluded. After the first period of restructuring, which has been accompanied by structural problems, cyclical movements become more important. In addition, economic stagnation burdens labour markets. Nonetheless trying to stimulate the East German economy by government spending programmes does not seem to be a viable strategy. From the cyclical point of view they are not very efficient and concerning structural problems they are no solution.

In the report, the economic situation in Germany and in the Eurozone in the current year 2001 and in the following year 2002 is analyzed and forecasted in detail. Due to the unfavorable global economic situation and the unexpectedly high inflation, GDP growth has been slowing down in Germany in the year 2001. In 2002, growth will regain momentum. In the remaining course of this year, inflation will abate, thus allowing the European Central Bank leeway for an ease in monetary policy, provided wage increases remain moderate. Due to the cyclically lower revenues and higher expenditures, the public deficit will be temporarily higher than projected in the Stability Program. This should not be counteracted so as not to further endanger economic growth. The main National Accounts data for Germany are summarized in a detailed table in the appendix.

The article deals with the economic development in East Germany up to the year 2002. It is shown the strong influence of the capacity adjustments in construction and state sectors on the economic growth. Moreover the article analyzes in detail the chances and problems of the sectors “manufacturing“ and “construction“ with productivity and unit labor costs playing the central part in restoring their competetiveness.

Am Ende des Jahres 2000 hat sich das Konjunkturbild eingetrübt. In Deutschland und Europa ist der Zuwachs der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Produktion schwächer geworden. Die Stimmung bei Produzenten und Verbrauchern hat sich vor allem wegen der Belastungen durch den hohen Ölpreis verschlechtert. So war auch die Sachlage, als die Wirtschaftsforschungsinstitute im Herbst den Tempoverlust der Konjunktur für 2001 bezifferten. Danach griff eine neue Welle von Konjunkturpessimismus um sich. Das IWH hat sich dem nicht angeschlossen. Denn neben den Anzeichen für Verschlechterungen gibt es auch welche für Besserungen: Der Ölpreis geht wohl schneller als erwartet zurück, der Euro scheint sich zu stabilisieren. Beides nimmt Druck von den Preisen....

For the first time the main economic indicators for East Germany are presented in terms of the New European System of National Accounts (ESA)up to 1999. Insights are given into the sectoral composition of gross domestic product and employment. The article presents forecasts for 2000 und 2001 for the sectors “manufacturing“, “construction“ and “services“.