The Performance of Short-term Forecasts of the German Economy before and during the 2008/2009 Recession
Katja Drechsel, Rolf Scheufele
International Journal of Forecasting,
No. 2,
2012
Abstract
The paper analyzes the forecasting performance of leading indicators for industrial production in Germany. We focus on single and pooled leading indicator models both before and during the financial crisis. Pairwise and joint significant tests are used to evaluate single indicator models as well as forecast combination methods. In addition, we investigate the stability of forecasting models during the most recent financial crisis.
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IWH-Flash-Indikator: I. und II. Quartal 2012
Katja Drechsel
IWH Flash Indicator,
No. 1,
2012
Abstract
Der IWH-Flash-Indikator prognostiziert für die erste Jahreshälfte 2012 eine leichte konjunkturelle Belebung nach der Schwächephase Ende 2011. So zeigt der Indikator für das erste Quartal 2012 bereits wieder eine geringe Zunahme des preisbereinigten Bruttoinlandsproduktes in Deutschland von 0,1% gegenüber dem Vorquartal an. Im zweiten Quartal 2012 wird der Zu-wachs wohl 0,3% betragen.
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Central Bank, Trade Unions, and Reputation – Is there Room for an Expansionist Manoeuvre in the European Union?
Toralf Pusch, A. Heise
A. Heise (ed.), Market Constellation Research: A Modern Governance Approach to Macroeconomic Policy. Institutionelle und Sozial-Ökonomie, Bd. 19,
2011
Abstract
The objective of this reader is manifold: On the one hand, it intends to establish a new perspective at the policy level named 'market constellations': institutionally embedded systems of macroeconomic governance which are able to explain differences in growth and employment developments. At the polity level, the question raised is whether or not market constellations can be governed and, thus, whether institutions can be created which will provide the incentives necessary for favourable market constellations.
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Konjunktur aktuell: Europäische Schulden- und Vertrauenskrise bringt deutsche Konjunktur ins Stocken
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 1,
2012
Abstract
Zur Jahreswende 2011/2012 hat die weitere Zuspitzung der Schulden- und Vertrauenskrise im Euroraum die weltwirtschaftlichen Aussichten deutlich eingetrübt. Auch Deutschland wird sich von der Verschlechterung der internationalen Konjunktur nicht abkoppeln können, und das deutsche Bruttoinlandsprodukt dürfte im Jahr 2012 mit 0,3% nur schwach zunehmen. Darüber hinaus sind die Risiken groß. Sollten etwa die Refinanzierungskosten im deutschen Bankensystem, anders als in dieser Prognose unterstellt, stark zunehmen, würde die gesamtwirtschaftliche Produktion 2012 wohl schrumpfen. Zentrale Aufgabe der Wirtschaftspolitik ist es gegenwärtig, das Vertrauen der Finanzmärkte in die Staatsfinanzen der Euroraum-Länder zu kräftigen. Von den Vorschlägen dafür, wie dies gelingen soll, verspricht der vom Sachverständigenrat vorgeschlagene Schuldentilgungspakt den besten Erfolg.
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A Macroeconomist’s View on EU Governance Reform: Why and How to Establish Policy Coordination?
Hubert Gabrisch
Economic Annals,
No. 191,
2011
Abstract
This paper discusses the need for macroeconomic policy coordination in the E(M)U. Coordination of national policies with cross-border effects does not exist at the macroeconomic level, although requested by the EU Treaty. The need for coordination stems from current account imbalances, which origin in market-induced capital flows, destabilizing the real exchange rates between low and high wage countries. The recent attempts of the Commission and the European Council to reform E(M)U governance do not address this problem and thus remain incapable to protect against future instability.
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An Evolutionary Algorithm for the Estimation of Threshold Vector Error Correction Models
Makram El-Shagi
International Economics and Economic Policy,
No. 4,
2011
Abstract
We develop an evolutionary algorithm to estimate Threshold Vector Error Correction models (TVECM) with more than two cointegrated variables. Since disregarding a threshold in cointegration models renders standard approaches to the estimation of the cointegration vectors inefficient, TVECM necessitate a simultaneous estimation of the cointegration vector(s) and the threshold. As far as two cointegrated variables are considered, this is commonly achieved by a grid search. However, grid search quickly becomes computationally unfeasible if more than two variables are cointegrated. Therefore, the likelihood function has to be maximized using heuristic approaches. Depending on the precise problem structure the evolutionary approach developed in the present paper for this purpose saves 90 to 99 per cent of the computation time of a grid search.
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Macroeconomic Adjustment: The Baltic States versus Euro Area Crisis Countries
Axel Lindner
Intereconomics,
No. 6,
2011
Abstract
Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania have succeeded in rapidly reducing their current account deficits despite fixed exchange rates. Which factors have played a major role in this? What similarities, and what differences, do the Baltic states show compared to Greece and Portugal? What insights can be gained for the political debate on the euro area debt crisis?
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Optimum Currency Areas in Emerging Market Regions: Evidence Based on the Symmetry of Economic Shocks
Stefan Eichler, Alexander Karmann
Open Economies Review,
No. 5,
2011
Abstract
This paper examines which emerging market regions form optimum currency areas (OCAs) by assessing the symmetry of macroeconomic shocks. We extend the output-prices-VAR framework by adding net exports and the real effective exchange rate as endogenous variables. Based on theoretical considerations, we derive which shocks affect these variables in the long run: shocks to labor productivity, foreign trade, labor supply, and money supply. The considered economies of Central and Eastern Europe, the Commonwealth of Independent States, East and Southeast Asia, and South Asia, exhibit large enough shock symmetry to form a currency union; the economies of Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East do not.
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Macroeconomic Imbalances as Indicators for Debt Crises in Europe
Tobias Knedlik, Gregor von Schweinitz
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 10,
2011
Abstract
European authorities and scholars published proposals on which indicators of macroeconomic imbalances might be used to uncover risks for the sustainability of public debt in the European Union. We test the ability of four proposed sets of indicators to send early-warnings of debt crises using a signals approach for the study of indicators and the construction of composite indicators. We find that a broad composite indicator has the highest predictive power. This fact still holds true if equal weights are used for the construction of the composite indicator in order to reflect the uncertainty about the origin of future crises.
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