Repercusiones de la integración y consolidación de los sectores bancarios europeos sobre la innovación y las actividades de los emprendedores
Hans Degryse, Steven Ongena, Maria Fabiana Penas
Papeles de Economía Española,
No. 110,
2006
Abstract
We investigate whether the agenda of deepening the integration of the European financial sector may hurt innovation and growth in Europe. In particular we highlight the problems financial integration may create for breakthrough innovation. Financial integration, by escalating competition and consolidation in the European banking sector, may jeopardize the funding of radical innovators. However weighing the current evidence we conclude these problems may at most be transitory.
Read article
The role of banking portfolios in the transmission from the currency crises to banking crises - potential effects of Basel II
Tobias Knedlik, Johannes Ströbel
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 21,
2006
Abstract
This paper evaluates the potential effects of the Basel II accord on preventing the transmission from currency crises to financial crises. By analyzing the case study of South Korea, it shows how mismatches on banks’ balance sheets were the primary cause for such a transmission, and models how Basel II would have affected those balance sheets. The paper shows that due to South Korea’s positive credit rating in the months leading up to the crisis, the regulatory capital reserves under Basel II would have been even lower than those under Basel I, and that therefore Basel II would have had adverse effects on the development of the crisis. In the second part, the article analyses whether the behavior of rating agencies has changed since their failure to predict the Asian crisis. The paper finds no robust econometric evidence that rating agencies have started to take micromismatches into account when assigning sovereign ratings. Thus, given the current approach of credit rating agencies, we have reservations concerning the effectiveness of Basel II to prevent the transmission from currency crises to banking crises, both for the case of South Korea and for potential future crises.
Read article
07.12.2006 • 38/2006
IWH-Industrieumfrage im November 2006: Lageeinbruch wieder wettgemacht
Zum Jahresende 2006 ist die Geschäftslage im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe Ostdeutschlands wieder auf den Aufwärtstrend zurückgekehrt. Die Weichen stehen darüber hinaus auf Fortsetzung dieser Entwicklung. Das dokumentieren die Ergebnisse der IWH-Befragung vom November unter rund 300 Industrie-Unternehmen. Die Beurteilung der aktuellen Geschäftslage fällt über alle fachlichen Hauptgruppen hinweg deutlich positiver aus als im September. Auch die Geschäftsaussichten für die nächsten sechs Monate werden nochmals günstiger als in den Vormonaten beurteilt und übertreffen zudem die entsprechenden Vorjahreswerte erheblich.
IWH construction survey October 2006
Brigitte Loose
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 11,
2006
Abstract
Das Geschäftsklima hat sich nach Meinung der 300 vom IWH befragten Unternehmen im Oktober eingetrübt. Zwar wird die momentane Situation von den ostdeutschen Bauunternehmen noch ähnlich gut bewertet wie in der vorangegangenen Befragung im August, die Geschäftsaussichten bis in das Frühjahr 2007 sehen die Unternehmen allerdings in einem deutlich schlechteren Licht. Auch unter Ausschluß des Saisoneinflusses bleibt dieses Bild im wesentlichen erhalten: Die Lage verharrt auf dem hohen Niveau vom Sommer, die Geschäftserwartungen kippen ab und trüben das gesamte Geschäftsklima ein.
Read article
Recent trends: Yield of the East German industry in 2004 again higher than in West Germany
Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 11,
2006
Abstract
In den ostdeutschen Unternehmen des Verarbeitenden Gewerbes betrug im Jahr 2004 – aktuellere Daten liegen nicht vor – die Rendite im Durchschnitt 3,8%, im Westen lag sie bei 2,4%. Damit überstieg sie im zweiten Jahr in Folge den westdeutschen Vergleichswert, wobei der Ost-West-Abstand zugunsten der ostdeutschen Industrie zugenommen hat. Dies ergab eine im Auftrag des IWH durchgeführte Sonderauswertung der Kostenstrukturen, die jährlich vom Statistischen Bundesamt bei einer repräsentativen Stichprobe von west- und ostdeutschen Unternehmen mit 20 und mehr Beschäftigten erhoben werden.
Read article
14.11.2006 • 34/2006
Rendite in der ostdeutsche Industrie auch 2004 höher als im Westen
In den ostdeutschen Unternehmen des Verarbeitenden Gewerbes betrug im Jahr 2004 – aktuellere Daten liegen nicht vor – die Rendite im Durchschnitt 3,8%, im Westen lag sie bei 2,4%. Damit überstieg sie im zweiten Jahr in Folge den westdeutschen Vergleichswert, wobei der Ost-West-Abstand zugunsten der ostdeutschen Industrie zugenommen hat. Dies ergab eine im Auftrag des IWH regelmäßig durchgeführte Sonderauswertung der Kostenstrukturen, die jährlich vom Statistischen Bundesamt bei einer repräsentativen Stichprobe von west- und ostdeutschen Unternehmen mit 20 und mehr Beschäftigten erhoben werden.
Mikroökonometrische Evaluation der ökonomischen Wirkungen betrieblicher Mitbestimmung - Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Matching-Ansatzes
Birgit Schultz
Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik,
No. 5,
2006
Abstract
The evaluation of economic effects of workers participation is not simple from the methodical point of view because of specific characteristics of establishments with works councils. Especially recent studies show contradictory results. In this study problems are pointed out, discussed, and options for solution are presented on the example of workers participation in East German establishments of industry and construction by the IAB-Establishment Panel.
An optimal matching-algorithm which supplies good matching-results for small samples to assign 'statistical establishment-twins' is applied. But by reason of very short primarily spells it can only calculate short time effects. Therefore, the matching method is additionally used to construct longer observation periods. By this new application establishments with recently founded works councils are matched with so called 'proxy establishments' with existing works councils. As a result short observation periods are prolonged and information about long-term effects can be given.
The effects on productivity, profitability and qualification level of employees show neither in short-term nor in long-term a significant impact on workers' participation.
Read article
Firm-Specific Determinants of Productivity Gaps between East and West German Industrial Branches
Johannes Stephan
East-West Journal of Economics and Business,
2006
Abstract
This research assesses the firm-specific reasons for lower producitivity levels between West and East German firms. The study is based on a unique data-base generated by field-work in the two particularly important sectors of machinery manufacturers and furniture manufacturers. Our results suggest that the quality of human capital plays an important role in explaining lower productivity levels, as well as particularly networking activities, and the use of modern technologies for communication. Classifying those as management-functions beyond the organisation of the production process itself, we identify management deficits as the main specific determinants of productivity gaps between West and East German firms.
Read article
Die Gestaltung der Wirtschaftsstruktur durch das Land Brandenburg - Eine kritische Analyse der Subventionszahlungen für die CargoLifter AG
Mirko Titze
Forum der Forschung. Wissenschaftsmagazin der Brandenburgischen Technischen Universität Cottbus,
No. 17,
2004
Abstract
The Government of the State of Brandenburg subsidised the company CargoLifter AG on the basis of the „new industrial policy“. Following this policy the government supports individually selected industries or companies. The „new industrial policy“ is supported by the strategic trade policy, which states that subsidising domestic companies in incomplete markets with declining average costs and high entry barriers can increase the welfare level of a particular region. The following article provides an analysis whether in the case of Cargo-Lifter the Government of the State of Brandenburg pursued an effective strategic trade policy. Moreover the article investigates particular problems of the strategic trade policy.
Read article
Where are the economic development cores of East Germany? Results of a survey of the focuses of branches, enterprise networks and innovative competence fields in the East German Regions
Peter Franz, Gerhard Heimpold, Martin T. W. Rosenfeld
Regionale Strukturpolitik - quo vadis?, Informationen zur Raumentwicklung, Heft 9,
No. 9,
2006
Abstract
The contribution presents the results of an empirical study conducted by the Halle Institute for Economic Research on behalf of the Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning. The study concerns the identification of “regional clusters” for all spatial planning regions in East Germany. As criteria to identify clusters, three components were taken into consideration: spatially concentrated industries, enterprise networks and innovative competence fields, whereas, for the purpose of identifying “clusters”, the networks and innovative competences have to show a co-incidence with the industry which is spatially concentrated. Cases of co-incidence of all three elements were categorised as economic development cores (or spots), i. e. as forms of spatially concentrated economic activities which show cluster-relevant qualities. For regions which possess economic development spots, the growth perspectives can be expected as more favourable in comparison with other regions. The findings show a particularly high concentration of economic development spots in the Berlin region as well as in the Federal States of Saxony and Thuringia, where the cities of Dresden, Leipzig, Erfurt and Chemnitz form delineating points within which a particularly high number of economic development spots are existent. As a consequence, the study might initiate a debate in favour of a stronger spatial concentration of regional policy measures instead of spreading the resources by “watering can principle”.
Read article