Wirtschaft im Wandel
Wirtschaft im Wandel Die Zeitschrift „Wirtschaft im Wandel“ will eine breite...
See page
Standards
Achieving Scientific Quality and Meeting Social Standards In order to secure the...
See page
29.09.2022 • 23/2022
Joint Economic Forecast 2/2022: Energy crisis: inflation, recession, welfare loss
The crisis on the gas markets is having a severe impact on the German economy. Soaring gas prices are drastically increasing energy costs, leading to a massive reduction of the purchasing power. Despite a decline in the second half of the year, gross domestic product is expected to expand by 1.4% this year. For the coming year, the institutes expect a contraction by 0.4%, followed by an increase of 1.9% in 2024.
Oliver Holtemöller
Read press release
Energiekrise: Inflation, Rezession, Wohlstandsverlust
Dienstleistungsauftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz,
No. 2,
2022
Abstract
Die krisenhafte Zuspitzung auf den Gasmärkten belastet die deutsche Wirtschaft schwer. Durch die reduzierten Gaslieferungen aus Russland ist ein erheblicher Teil des Angebots weggefallen und auch das Risiko gestiegen, dass die verbleibenden Liefer- und Speichermengen im Winter nicht ausreichen, um die Nachfrage zu decken. Die Gaspreise sind in den Sommermonaten in die Höhe geschossen, und auch auf den Terminmärkten zeigen sich für einen längeren Zeitraum deutlich höhere Notierungen. Die dadurch stark steigenden Verbraucherpreise schmälern insbesondere die Kaufkraft der privaten Haushalte. Die Wirtschaftsleistung dürfte im dritten Quartal bereits leicht gesunken sein. Im Winterhalbjahr ist ein deutlicher Rückgang zu erwarten. Dass dieser nicht noch kräftiger ausfällt, ist dem hohen Auftragspolster im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe zu verdanken. Insgesamt dürfte die Produktion in diesem Jahr trotz des Rückgangs in der zweiten Jahreshälfte um 1,4% ausgeweitet werden. Damit halbieren die Institute ihre Prognose vom Frühjahr für dieses Jahr annähernd. Für das kommende Jahr ist zu erwarten, dass das Bruttoinlandsprodukt im Jahresdurchschnitt um 0,4% zurückgeht. Im Frühjahr erwarteten die Institute noch einen Anstieg von 3,1%. In dieser Revision zeigt sich das Ausmaß der Energiekrise. Im Jahr 2024 expandiert das Bruttoinlandsprodukt im Jahresdurchschnitt mit 1,9%. Die Inflationsrate dürfte sich in den kommenden Monaten weiter erhöhen. Jahresdurchschnittlich ergibt sich für das Jahr 2023 mit 8,8% eine Teuerungsrate, die leicht über dem Wert des laufenden Jahres (8,4%) liegt. Erst im Jahr 2024 wird die 2%-Marke allmählich wieder erreicht.
Read article
13.04.2022 • 8/2022
From Pandemic to Energy Crisis: Economy and Politics under Permanent Stress
The German economy is steering through difficult waters and faces the highest inflation rates in decades. In their spring report, the leading German economic research institutes revise their outlook for this year significantly downward. The recovery from the COVID-19 crisis is slowing down as a result of the war in Ukraine, but remains on track. The institutes expect GDP to increase by 2.7% and 3.1% in 2022 and 2023 respectively. In the event of an immediate interruption to Russian gas supplies, a total of 220 billion euros in German economic output would be at risk in both years.
Oliver Holtemöller
Read press release
14.09.2021 • 23/2021
Production bottlenecks delay recovery
The German recovery made good progress over the summer 2021. However, bottlenecks in sea transport and the production of intermediate goods are weighing on world trade. The rise in raw material prices has prompted inflation rates to spike, and an increase in new infections is clouding the outlook again. A weak final quarter is therefore to be expected. The Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) forecasts that German gross domestic product (GDP) will increase by 2.2% in 2021 and 3.6% in 2022 (East Germany: 1.8% and 2.8%).
Oliver Holtemöller
Read press release
05.08.2021 • 21/2021
IWH Bankruptcy Update: Bankruptcies in Germany Fall to an All-time Low
The number of corporate bankruptcies in Germany fell to a historic low in July, and are not anticipated to trend higher in August, according to IWH’s leading indicators. The IWH Bankruptcy Update, published by the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH), provides monthly statistics on corporate bankruptcies in Germany.
Steffen Müller
Read press release
Conditional Macroeconomic Forecasts: Disagreement, Revisions and Forecast Errors
Alexander Glas, Katja Heinisch
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 7,
2021
Abstract
Using data from the European Central Bank‘s Survey of Professional Forecasters, we analyse the role of ex-ante conditioning variables for macroeconomic forecasts. In particular, we test to which extent the heterogeneity, updating and ex-post performance of predictions for inflation, real GDP growth and the unemployment rate are related to assumptions about future oil prices, exchange rates, interest rates and wage growth. Our findings indicate that inflation forecasts are closely associated with oil price expectations, whereas expected interest rates are used primarily to predict output growth and unemployment. Expectations about exchange rates and wage growth also matter for macroeconomic forecasts, albeit less so than oil prices and interest rates. We show that survey participants can considerably improve forecast accuracy for macroeconomic outcomes by reducing prediction errors for external conditions. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the expectation formation process of experts.
Read article
15.04.2021 • 11/2021
Pandemic delays upswing – Demography slows growth
In their spring report, the leading economic research institutes forecast an increase in gross domestic product of 3.7% in the current year and 3.9% in 2022. The renewed shutdown is delaying the economic recovery, but as soon as the risks of infection, particularly from vaccination, have been averted, a strong recovery will begin. The economy is likely to return to normal output levels around the start of the coming year.
Oliver Holtemöller
Read press release
Recovery Loses Momentum – Economy and Politics Still Shaped by the Pandemic
Oliver Holtemöller, Stefan Kooths, Claus Michelsen, Torsten Schmidt, Timo Wollmershäuser
Wirtschaftsdienst,
No. 11,
2020
Abstract
The corona pandemic has left substantial marks on the German economy and its impact is more persistent than presumed in the spring. In their autumn reports, leading German economic research institutes have revised their economic outlook downwards by roughly one percentage point for both this and next year. They now expect gross domestic product to fall by 5.4 % in 2020 (previously 4.2 %) and to grow by 4.7 % (5.8 %) in 2021 and 2.7 % in 2022. The downgrade of the forecast follows a more pessimistic assessment of the recovery, which is being held back by those sectors that are particularly dependent on social contacts. The precrisis level of output will not be reached until the end of 2021 with GDP remaining at 2.5 % below the level that would have prevailed without the pandemic. Despite massively falling back on shorttime working schemes, an estimated 820,000 jobs were lost due to the crisis. The government will run a record high budget deficit of 183 billion euros in 2020. In 2021 and 2022, deficits will remain substantial at 118 billion euros and 92 billion euros, respectively.
Read article