Mutual Perception of Science and Industry in Innovation Networks – Evidence from East Germany
Jutta Günther, Cornelia Lang
D. Dyker (ed.), Network Dynamics in Emerging Regions of Europe, Imperial College Press,
2010
Abstract
The paper examines how science and industry perceive each other. Cooperation in the field of innovation and research and development has increased in recent years. But comprehensive empirical research on the mutual perception of science and industry is lacking so far. The article presents the results of explorative research based on a number of qualitative interviews with representatives from science and industry on that topic. The interviews were carried out in the Central German Region which is a centre of manufacturing industry especially of chemicals. So the two selected industries are chemical industry (high-tech based) and food processing (low-tech based). The paper provides remarks on the German innovation system. The empirical section summarizes the interview reports. We found only little evidence of conflict of interests between market-oriented industry and science organisations. Cooperation exists and works. The key issue is trust.
Artikel Lesen
Stages of the 2007/2008 Global Financial Crisis: Is there a Wandering Asset-Price Bubble?
Lucjan T. Orlowski
Einzelveröffentlichungen,
Nr. 3,
2008
Abstract
This study argues that the severity of the current global financial crisis is strongly influenced by changeable allocations of the global savings. This process is named a “wandering asset bubble”. Since its original outbreak induced by the demise of the subprime mortgage market and the mortgage-backed securities in the U.S., this crisis has reverberated across other credit areas, structured financial products and global financial institutions. Four distinctive stages of the crisis are identified: the meltdown of the subprime mortgage market, spillovers into broader credit market, the liquidity crisis epitomized by the fallout of Bear Sterns with some contagion effects on other financial institutions, and the commodity price bubble. Monetary policy responses aimed at stabilizing financial markets are proposed.
Artikel Lesen
Cooperation Patterns of Incubator Firms and the Impact of Incubator Specialization: Empirical Evidence from Germany
Michael Schwartz, Christoph Hornych
Technovation,
2010
Abstract
The article examines cooperation patterns of 150 firms located in German business incubators (BIs). More specifically, this study distinguishes between networking within the tenant portfolio and the academic-industry linkages of the tenant firms. We further contribute to the relevant literature by explicitly considering differences in cooperation patterns between firms located on diversified and specialized incubator facilities. Empirical results do not support the common assumption that specialized incubation strategies increase the effectiveness of incubator-internal networking compared to diversified BIs. Also, incubator specialization is not superior to diversified incubators with respect to the promotion of linkages of their tenants with academic institutions. For academic linkages, industry effects matter more than incubator characteristics.
Artikel Lesen
Challenges for Future Regional Policy in East Germany. Does East Germany really show Characteristics of Mezzogiorno?
Mirko Titze
A. Kuklinski; E. Malak-Petlicka; P. Zuber (eds), Souther Italy – Eastern Germany – Eastern Poland. The Triple Mezzogiorno? Ministry of Regional Development,
2010
Abstract
Despite extensive government support the gap between East and West Germany has still not been successfully closed nearly 20 years post German unification. Hence, some economists tend to compare East Germany with Mezzogiorno – underdeveloped Southern Italy. East Germany is still subject to sever structural problems in comparison to West Germany: lower per capita income, lower productivity, higher unemployment rates, fewer firm headquarters and fewer innovation activities. There are East German regions with less than desirable rates of development. Nevertheless, the new federal states have shown some evidence of a convergence process. Some regions have developed very positively – they have improved their competitiveness and employment levels. As such, the comparison of East Germany with Mezzogiorno does not seem applicable today.
According to Neoclassical Growth Theory, regional policy is targeted enhancing investment (hereafter the notion ‘investment policy’ is used). has been the most important instrument in forcing the ‘reconstruction of the East’. Overall, the investment policy is seen as having been successful. It is not, however, the only factor influencing regional development – political policy makers noted in the mid 1990s that research and development (R&D) activities and regional concentrated production networks, amongst other factors, may also play a part. The investment policy instrument has therefore been adjusted. Nevertheless, it cannot be excluded that investment policy may fail in particular cases because it contains potentially conflicting targets. A ‘better road’ for future regional policy may lie in the support of regional production and innovation networks – the so-called industrial clusters. These clusters would need to be exactingly identified however to ensure effective and efficient cluster policies.
Artikel Lesen
Die LaTeX-Vorlage für IWH-Diskussionspapiere
Wilfried Ehrenfeld
Die TeXnische Komödie,
2010
Abstract
Dieser Artikel beschreibt die LaTeX-Vorlage, welche für deutsch- und englischsprachige Diskussionspapiere des Instituts für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH) genutzt wird. Hier werden die Vorgaben, deren Umsetzung sowie erste Erfahrungen mit der Vorlage beschrieben.
Artikel Lesen
20 Jahre nach dem Mauerfall: Stärken, Schwächen und Herausforderungen des ostdeutschen Innovationssystems heute
Jutta Günther, Katja Wilde, Marco Sunder, Mirko Titze
Studien zum deutschen Innovationssystem Nr. 17-2010,
2010
Abstract
Der Beitrag geht zwanzig Jahre nach dem Fall der Mauer der Frage nach, welchen Entwicklungsstand das ostdeutsche Innovationssystem erreicht hat. Der Vergleich von Indikatoren der Innovationskraft in Ost- und Westdeutschland zeigt die hohe Bedeutung öffentlicher Forschung und Entwicklung in den Neuen Bundesländern. Private Ausgaben in diesem Bereich liegen in Ostdeutschland indes deutlich unter dem Bundesdurchschnitt, was zum großen Teil wirtschaftsstrukturellen Unterschieden zuzuschreiben ist. Einen Erfolgsfaktor stellte in den Neuen Bundesländern bislang das reichhaltige Angebot an gut ausgebildeten Fachkräften dar. Mit dem demographischen Wandel zeichnen sich auf diesem Gebiet jedoch Risiken ab, die innovative Rationalisierungskonzepte erfordern werden.
Artikel Lesen
Human Capital and Fertility in Germany after 1990: Evidence from a Multi-Spell Model
Marco Sunder
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 22,
2009
Abstract
We analyze the timing of birth of the first three children based on German panel
data (GSOEP) within a hazard rate framework. A random effects estimator is
used to accommodate correlation across spells. We consider the role of human
capital – approximated by a Mincer-type regression – and its gender-specific
effects on postponement of parenthood and possible recuperation at higherorder
births. An advantage of the use of panel data in this context consists in
its prospective nature, so that determinants of fertility can be measured when
at risk rather than ex-post, thus helping to reduce the risk of reverse causality.
The analysis finds evidence for strong recuperation effects, i.e., women with
greater human capital endowments follow, on average, a different birth history
trajectory, but with negligible curtailment of completed fertility.
Artikel Lesen
Kompensieren Mietpreisunterschiede ungleichwertige Lebensverhältnisse?
Dominik Weiß
M. T. W. Rosenfeld, D. Weiß (Hrsg.), Gleichwertigkeit der Lebensverhältnisse zwischen Politik und Marktmechanismus. Empirische Befunde aus den Ländern Sachsen. Sachsen-Anhalt und Thüringen,
2010
Abstract
Gleichwertigkeit der Lebensbedingungen ist in Deutschland ein politisch institutionalisiertes Ziel. Aufgrund von räumlichen Unterschieden im Einkommensniveau und in der Verfügbarkeit von Leistungsangeboten im Bereich der „Daseinsvorsorge“ werden von der Politik Interventionen zur Überwindung der regionalen Disparitäten für erforderlich gehalten. Die tatsächliche Realisierung des Gleichwertigkeitsziels scheint vor dem Hintergrund aktueller Migrationstendenzen und demographischen Entwicklungen jedoch immer schwieriger. Dieser Beitrag geht von der ökonomischen These räumlicher Gleichgewichte aus und hinterfragt, inwieweit der Marktprozess regional unterschiedliche Einkommens- und Ausstattungsniveaus in den Mietpreisen berücksichtigt.
Artikel Lesen