Stellungnahme des IWH zum Entwurf eines Haushaltsbegleitgesetztes
Kristina vanDeuverden
Einzelveröffentlichungen,
Nr. 4,
2006
Abstract
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The Importance of Estimation Uncertainty in a Multi-Rating Class Loan Portfolio
Henry Dannenberg
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 11,
2011
Abstract
This article seeks to make an assessment of estimation uncertainty in a multi-rating class loan portfolio. Relationships are established between estimation uncertainty and parameters such as probability of default, intra- and inter-rating class correlation, degree of inhomogeneity, number of rating classes used, number of debtors and number of historical periods used for parameter estimations. In addition, by using an exemplary portfolio based on Moody’s ratings, it becomes clear that estimation uncertainty does indeed have an effect on interest rates.
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Efficiency in the UK Commercial Property Market: A Long-run Perspective
Steven Devaney, Oliver Holtemöller, R. Schulz
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 15,
2012
Abstract
Informationally efficient prices are a necessary requirement for optimal resource allocation in the real estate market. Prices are informationally efficient if they reflect buildings’ benefit to marginal buyers, thereby taking account of all available information on future market development. Prices that do not reflect available information may lead to over- or undersupply if developers react to these inefficient prices. In this study, we examine the efficiency of the UK commercial property market and the interaction between prices, construction costs, and new supply. We collated a unique data set covering the years 1920 onwards, which we employ in our study. First, we assess if real estate prices were in accordance with present values, thereby testing for informational efficiency. By comparing prices and estimated present values, we can measure informational inefficiency. Second, we assess if developers reacted correctly to price signals. Development (or the lack thereof) should be triggered by deviations between present values and cost; if prices do not reflect present values, then they should have no impact on development decisions.
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The Role of Uncertainty in the Euro Crisis - A Reconsideration of Liquidity Preference Theory
Toralf Pusch
Journal of Post Keynesian Economics,
2013
Abstract
With the world financial crisis came the rediscovery of the active role fiscal policy could play in remedying the situation. More recently, the Euro Crisis, with its mounting funding costs facing governments of a number of Southern EU member states and Ireland, has called this strategy into question. Opposing this view, the main point of this contribution is to elaborate on the link between rising sovereign risk premia in the Eurozone and a major feature of the financial crisis - elevated uncertainty after the Lehman collapse. Theoretically, this link is developed with reference to Keynes' liquidity preference theory. The high explanatory power of rising uncertainty in financial markets and the detrimental effects of fiscal austerity on the evolution of sovereign risk spreads are demonstrated empirically by means of panel regressions and supplementary correlation analyses.
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Evidence on the Effects of Inflation on Price Dispersion under Indexation
Juliane Scharff, S. Schreiber
Empirical Economics,
Nr. 1,
2012
Abstract
Distortionary effects of inflation on relative prices are the main argument for inflation stabilization in macro models with sticky prices. Under indexation of non-optimized prices, those models imply a nonlinear and dynamic impact of inflation on the cross-sectional price dispersion (relative price or inflation variability, RPV). Using US sectoral price data, we estimate such a relationship between inflation and RPV, also taking into account the endogeneity of inflation by using two- and three-stage least-squares and GMM techniques, which turns out to be relevant. We find an effect of (expected) inflation on RPV, and our results indicate that average (“trend”) inflation is important for the RPV-inflation relationship. Lagged inflation matters for indexation in the CPI data, but is not important empirically in the PPI data.
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Armut im Alter – Ursachenanalyse und eine Projektion für das Jahr 2023
Ingmar Kumpmann, Michael Gühne, Herbert S. Buscher
Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik,
Nr. 232,
2012
Abstract
Armut im Alter galt lange Zeit als ein weitgehend überwundenes Problem. Doch bereits seit den 1980er Jahren wird diskutiert, ob die gesetzliche Rente wirklich sicher sei und zur Finanzierung des Lebensunterhalts im Alter ausreichen wird, auch wenn zuvor viele Jahre lang eingezahlt wurde. In den letzten Jahren wächst spürbar die Sorge, dass die Armutsrisiken für alte Menschen in Zukunft stark wachsen könnten. Zunehmend durch lange Zeiten der Arbeitslosigkeit geprägte Erwerbsbiographien, prekäre Beschäftigungsverhältnisse, die schwache Entwicklung der Reallöhne und der demographische Wandel mit einer immer ungünstiger werdenden zahlenmäßigen Relation zwischen junger und alter Generation liegen dem zugrunde. Dieser Beitrag versucht, Einflussfaktoren der Altersarmut zu erforschen. Auf dieser Grundlage wird anschließend eine Projektion künftiger Altersarmut erstellt, wobei zwischen West- und Ostdeutschland unterschieden
wird.
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Eurokrise dämpft Konjunktur – Stabilitätsrisiken bleiben hoch: Gemeinschaftsdiagnose Herbst 2012
Dienstleistungsauftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Technologie,
2012
Abstract
Die deutsche Wirtschaft wird durch die Eurokrise belastet. Daher wird die konjunkturelle Expansion vorerst schwach bleiben und erst im Verlauf des kommenden Jahr wieder leicht anziehen. Die Institute prognostizieren eine Zunahme des Bruttoinlandsprodukts um 0,8% für das Jahr 2012 und um 1,0% für das Jahr 2013. Die Lage am Arbeitsmarkt wird sich dabei vorerst noch verschlechtern, die Zahl der Arbeitslosen wird 2013 geringfügig auf 2,9 Millionen steigen. Das Budget des Staates wird sowohl in diesem als auch im kommenden Jahr annähernd ausgeglichen sein. Kritisch sehen die Institute das Programm der EZB, Staatsanleihen von Krisenländern zu kaufen. Damit steigt die Inflationsgefahr.
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Initial Evidence from a New Database on Capital Market Restrictions
Makram El-Shagi
Panoeconomicus,
Nr. 3,
2012
Abstract
One of the key obstacles to the empirical analysis of capital controls has been the unavailability of a detailed set of indicators for controls that cover a broad set of countries over a range of years. In this paper, we propose a new set of indicators derived from the Annual Reports on Exchange Arrangements and Export Restrictions. Contrary to most earlier attempts to construct control indicators from this source, our set of indices allows one to analyze the control intensity separately for inflow, outflow and repatriation controls. An additional set of indicators features information on the institutional design of controls. At first glance, the data show that the financial crisis caused a surge in capital market restrictions, most notably concerning the derivatives market. This reflex, which is not justified by the scarce empirical evidence on the success of controls, shows the importance of having a valid measure to allow an econometrically sound policy evaluation in this field. The data are available from the author upon request.
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Equity Home Bias and Corporate Disclosure
Stefan Eichler
Journal of International Money and Finance,
Nr. 5,
2012
Abstract
I show that more comprehensive corporate disclosure reduces investors’ uncertainty about domestic companies’ payoffs at no cost, thereby decreasing investors’ equity home bias toward a country. Since investors should base their investment decisions on valid and easily interpretable company information only, more comprehensive disclosure will reduce the home bias only if domestic securities law is sufficiently stratified and domestic companies use international accounting standards. Using panel data for 38 countries from 2003 to 2008 I find that more comprehensive disclosure reduces investors’ home bias, though significantly only for countries that sufficiently enforce their securities law and implement international accounting standards.
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